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Physiology GIT 206 > Metabolism: Control of Food Intake > Flashcards

Metabolism: Control of Food Intake Flashcards

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1
Q

Site of Feeding center

A

Lateral nucleus of Hypothalamus

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2
Q

Site of Satiety center

A

Vetromedial nucleus of Hypothalamus

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3
Q

Destruction (lesion) to feeding center leads to

A

Fatal anorexia/ Marked weight loss

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4
Q

Destruction (lesion) to Satiety center leads to

A

Polyphagia & Obesity

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5
Q

2 Types of Neurones located in Arcuate nuclei

A
  • Pro-opi-melano-cortin (POMC) Neurones
  • NPY-AGRP Neurones
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6
Q

Role of POMC Neurones

A

Secretes Anorexigenic Substances which decrease appetite & food Intake

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7
Q

Role of NPY-AGRP Neurones

A

Secretes orexigenic substances which increases appetite & food intake

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8
Q

Anorexigenic Substances secreted by POMC Neurones

A
  • CART
  • CRH (cortico-tropin releasing hormone)
  • Alpha Melanocyte- Stimulating hormone
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9
Q

Orexigenic Substances released from NPY-AGRP Neurones

A
  • Neuropeptide Y (NPY)
  • Agouti Related protein (AGRP)
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10
Q

Enumerate short term regulating factors of Food intake

A
  1. Gastrointestinal filling & distension: sends inhibitory signal by vagus nerve to supress feeding center
  2. Oral factors: Chewing, swallowing, salivation
  3. Gut Theory: Via GIT hormones
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11
Q

GIT hormones Inhibiting feeding center

A
  • CCK (cholecystokinin)
  • PPY (polypeptide Y)
  • GLP (Glucose-like peptide)
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12
Q

GIT hormones that Stimulate feeding Center

A

Ghrelin

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13
Q

Enumerate Intermediate and Long term regulation

A
  • Glucostatic Theory
  • Lipostatic Theory
  • Thermostatic Theory
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14
Q

Describe Glucostatic Theory

A

Rise in Glucose level increases glucose utilization, so:
* Inhibits feeding center
* Stimulates Satiety Center

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15
Q

Describe Lipostatic Theory/ Function Leptin

A
  1. Leptin secreted from Adipocytes during excess energy stores
  2. It crosses Blood brain Barrier
  3. Reaches its receptors on POMC in hypothalamus
  4. This causes Decrease of Fat storage by:
    * Inhibiting NPY & AGRP, Decreasing appetite
    * activates POMC to release Alpha melanocyte stimulating hormone, decreasing appetite
    * Increase CRH release, decreasing appetite
    * It increases Sympathetic Activity & metabolic rate
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16
Q

Describe what happens to food intake during exposure to cold

A

Increases food intake, due to:
* Increase in Metabolic rate to increase in heat production
* Increase fat for insulation

17
Q

Definition of Anorexia

A

reduction in food intake

18
Q

Definition of Cachexia

A

metabolic disorder caused by increased energy expensure leading to marked weight loss

19
Q

Causes of Anorexia-Cachexia disorder

A

Cancer or AIDs, by:
* Inflammatory cytokines which activates POMC system

Physiology GIT 206 (17 decks)

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