Metabolism

Question 1

How to Control Metabolism

Create/Destroy

Answer 1

• enzymes hydrolyze other enzymes (produces another enzyme to seek + destroy an enzyme)
• requires lots of energy
• inefficient but dangerous

Question 2

How to Control Metabolism

Change Reaction Environment

Answer 2

1. temperature: denatures enzymes by raising or lowering temperature
2. pH: too high/too low [H+] causes enzymes to denature
3. ionic concentration: positive and negative charge
   - prevents all enzymes from working except the desired one

Question 3

Activate/Deactivate

Activate/Deactivate methods

Answer 3

1. Cofactors
2. Inhibitor
3. Allosteric Regulation
4. Feedback Inhibition

Question 4

Activate/Deactivate

Cofactors

Answer 4

atoms/molecules that complete the functional structure of an enzyme (can be inorganic as in metal atoms, or organic molecules as in coenzymes or vitamins)

Question 5

Activate/Deactivate

Inhibitor

Answer 5

molecules that bind to an enzyme to render it nonfunctional

• competitive inhibitors: attach somewhere on active site
• noncompetitive inhibitors: attach somewhere not on active site

Question 6

Activate/Deactivate

Allosteric Regulation

Answer 6

constantly alternate between active and inactive conformation
allosteric site:
-allosteric activators convert to being in “on” position 100% of the time
-allosteric inhibitors convert to being in “off” position 100% of the time
can modify how quickly reactions occur

Question 7

Activate/Deactivate

Feedback Inhibition

Answer 7

the final product of a reaction pathway acts to inhibit an enzyme close to the beginning of the metabolic pathway in order to prevent excess final products

Question 8

Localization/Containment

Answer 8

seperates enzymes for a specific reaction pathway from each other
-cell membranes