Metabolism

Question 1

Metabolism

Answer 1

The sum of all chemical reactions that occur in a cell

Question 2

Metabolic Pathway

Answer 2

A sequential series of chemical reactions that occur in all living cells
- Each reaction is catalysed by enzymes

Question 3

Catabolic Pathway

Answer 3

Pathways that break down complex molecules into smaller ones, and release energy

Question 4

Anabolic Pathway

Answer 4

Pathways that use energy to build smaller molecules into more complex molecules

Question 5

Energy

Answer 5

The ability to do work
- There are 2 forms
• Kinetic
• Potential

Question 6

Kinetic Energy

Answer 6

The energy of motion

- Heartbeat, chromosomes moving

Question 7

Potential Energy

Answer 7

Stored energy

- Energy stored in the arrangement of the bonds in a compound (chemical)

Question 8

What are the energy changes that occur during a chemical reaction

Answer 8

• When bonds break in a chemical reaction, energy must be absorbed (ENDOTHERMIC)
• When new bonds form in a chemical reaction, energy must be released (EXOTHERMIC)

Question 9

Endothermic

Answer 9

The net absorption of energy (products contain more energy than reactants)
- During a chemical reaction, energy released from chemical reaction in living cells include: Thermal energy, movement of compounds across cell membrane, contraction of muscles, emission of light

Question 10

Exothermic

Answer 10

The net release of energy (products contain less energy than reactants)

Question 11

First Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 11

• Energy cannot be created or destroyed, but it can be transformed from one type to another and transferred from one object to another
• AKA the law of conservation of energy

Question 12

Second Law of Thermodynamics

Answer 12

During any process, the universe tends towards entropy

Question 13

Entropy

Answer 13

• A measure of the randomness or disorder in a collection of objects of energy

Clean room = Low entropy
Messy room = High entropy