Metabolic Pathways Flashcards
Metabolic pathways are…
A series of enzyme-controlled reactions
Every metabolic pathway begins with an…..
Initial substrate which is modified in an enzyme controlled reaction to form a product.
What is the product from the last reaction called?
The intermediate substrate for the next reaction
Specific enzymes are coded for by…
Specific genes
Mutations to genes in the pathway leads to
Intermediate substrates building up to toxic levels in the cell. Likely will affect phenotype.
How can an individual produce a non functional enzyme?
They must have two copies of the mutated recessive allele
Environmental factors on phenotype:
Sunlight, temp, nutrient availability, illness, exposure to sunlight, humidity and stress.
Three effects of environmental factors:
Can cause genes to be turned on or off
Prevent full realisation of organisms genetically potential
Can affect a protein /enzyme that is coded for by a gene.
