Metabolic Integration Flashcards
Can acetyl CoA be converted into glucose?
No. Its the point of no return, where ATP must be produced
Blood glucose is required by…
- red blood cells (no mito.)
- CNS (bc. of blood brain barrier) > can use ketones too
- Krebs Cycle
What does insulin do? When is it active (what state?)
- Anabolic hormone active in fed state
- increase glucose and AA uptake
- increase glycogen and protein synthesis
- increase TAG synthesis and storage
What does glucagon do? When is it active (what state?)
- Catabolic hormone active in post-absorptive
- increase glycogen, protein and fat breakdown
- increase gluconeogensis from AAs and glycerol
What do corticosteroids do? When is it active (what state?)
- Catabolic hormones active during fasted state
- increases muscle catabolism
- increases gluconeogenesis from AAs
What do catecholamines do? When is it active (what state?)
- Catabolic hormones active during starvation
- increase glycogenolysis and lipolysis
What happens in the fed state?
(what happens in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue?)
Muscles:
- protein and glycogen synthesis
Liver:
- blood glucose is cleared
- urea cycle is active
Adipose Tissue:
- TAG synthesis
What happens in the post-absorptive state?
(what happens in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue?)
Muscles:
- glycogen breakdown
- protein catabolism
Liver:
- glycogen breakdown
- urea cycle is active
Adipose Tissue:
- nothing lol
What happens in the fasted state?
(what happens in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue?)
Muscles:
- protein catabolism
Liver:
- production and secretion of glucose via gluconeogenesis
- urea cycle activity reduced
Adipose Tissue:
- TAGs begin to be lipolysed
What happens in the starving state?
(what happens in the liver, muscles, and adipose tissue?)
Muscles:
- less protein synthesis (to preserve muscle)
Liver:
- ketone production
- urea cycle is minimally active
Adipose Tissue:
- TAG lipolysis
