Metabolic Disease Flashcards
1
Q
Metabolic Disease: Causes
A
Genetic
Nutritional
Hormonal
2
Q
Metabolic Disease:
Genetic
A
- Lysosoma Storgae Disease
- glycogenoses
- Mucopolsaccharidoses
- Hyperlipidemia syndrome
- Certain endocrine disorders
3
Q
Metabolic Disease:
Nutritional
A
- Vitamin and Mineral deficiency
- Oral neoplasia or inflammation
- Malabsorption syndromes
- johnes disease
4
Q
Metabolic Diasea:
Hormonal
A
Diabetes mellitus
Hypothyroidism
Hyperthyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism
5
Q
Genetic Metabolic Disease
A
- Many metabolic problems are due to problems with a single protein in a metabolic pathway
- single gene defects
- Most of these gene defects are inherited
- May or may not have congenital morphological defects
- Most genetic metabolic problems are irreversible.
6
Q
Lysosomal Storage Disease
A
- Characterized by the accumulation of mucopolysaccharides or lipid components within cellular lysosomes
- lysosomes are the principle site of intracellular degradation of complex molecules
- Inherited enzyme deficiency inhibits the degradation of these large molecules
- Intermediate catabolic products can’t be degraded and accumulate within lysosomes
7
Q
Alpha-mannosidosis
A
- Deficiency in alpha-mannosidase
- inherited as an autosomal recessive trait
- Described in humans, cattle, and cats
- Skeletal and ocular abnormalities may occur
- Progressive neurologic disease
- Cytoplasmic inclusions in neurons, mesenchymal, and epithelial cells
- inclusions consist of mannose-rich oligosaccharides
8
Q
Feline Alpha-Mannosidosis
A
- Affects persian, Domestic Shorthair, and Domestic Longhair cats
- Clinical onset occurs at an early age (8-10 weeks)
- Disease is heterogenous being less severe in DLH cats
- Progressive neurologic disease
- tremor, ataxia, dysmetria, weakness, and emaciation
- Clinical onset occurs at an early age (8-10 weeks)
- Cytoplasmic inclusions consist mainly of mannose and N-acetylglucosamine
- inclusions in neurons, hepatocytes and other cells
- High concentrations of these products are excreted in the urine.
9
Q
Nutritional Metabolic Disease
A
- Most nutritional problems exert their effect by altered metabolism
- Improper nutrition can result from:
- Inadequate nutrients in the diet
- Inadequate nutrient uptake
- Inadequate nutrient absorption
- REVERSIBLE
- nutrient deficiency in the diet is corrected
- rickets is reversed by adding vitamin D
- Dramatic excess demands are resolved
- rapid changes during parturition and lactation
- Nutrient imbalances are corrected
- calcium and phosphorus ratios and bone disease
- nutrient deficiency in the diet is corrected
10
Q
Liver - Lipidosis
A
- The liver plays a central role in metabolism
- Synthesis and metabolism of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates
- Conjugation and detoxification reactions
- Waste product excretion
- Bile secretion
- Storage of nutrients
11
Q
Hepatic Lipidosis
A
- Some degree of lipidosis accompanies many metaboic alterations
- hyperlipidemia syndromes
- Endocrine disorders
- Nutritional Problems
- Physiological changes
12
Q
Hepatic Lipidosis:
Metabolism
A
- Metabolic inbalance can between protien, fat or carbohydrate can result in lipidosis
- increased rate of fat entry to hepatocytes
- Decreased rate of lipoprotein formation within hepatocytes
- Decreased energy level.
13
Q
Liver Lipidosis:
Morphology
A
14
Q
Hormonal Metabolic Disease
A
- Hormones are major regulators and integrators of metabolism
- Any endocrine dysfunction or disease will have metabolic manifestations
15
Q
Hormonal Metabolic Disease:
Fibrous Osteodystrophy
A
- Inadequate intake or loss of calcium requires mobilization from tissues
- Excessive and prolonged action of parathormone results in bone demineralization.
