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Flying > Met > Flashcards

Met Flashcards

0
Q

The sphere closer to the earths surface us

A

Troposphere

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1
Q

The tropopause is (higher/lower) and (warmer/colder) over the equator than at poles

A

Higher

Colder

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2
Q

A trough is an extension from a …

A

Low

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3
Q

A ridge is an extension from a …

A

High

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4
Q

Main elements of an ISA

A

Sea level pressure 1013.2 hPa
Air temp at sea level 15C
Temp lapse rate of 1.98C/1000ft
Temp above 36090ft constant -56.5C

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5
Q

What is pressure lapse rate

A

A given reduction of pressure with height

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6
Q

Pressure lapse rate is higher or lower in cool air

A

Higher, as cool air column particles are closer together and therefore column is shorter, so height increase will have greater impact on pressure

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7
Q

What is a col

A

A neutral area between two highs and two lows. Wind will be calm

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8
Q

What is pressure gradient

A

The change in pressure per horizontal distance

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9
Q

Increased temp does what to density

A

Decreases

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10
Q

Dew point defined

A

Temperature at which air becomes saturated

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11
Q

When temp drops below dew point what occurs

A

Condensation

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12
Q

When moisture is added to air, it’s density will

A

Decrease

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13
Q

As temp decreases, RH goes up until dew point reached, then condensation takes place

A

.

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14
Q

When air temp reduces, what happens to RH and DPt

A

RH goes up

DPt not affected

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15
Q

When air temp increases, what happens to RH and DPt

A

RH goes down

DPt not affected

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16
Q

When water vapour increases, what happens to RH and DPt

A

RH goes up

DPt goes up

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17
Q

When water vapour decreases, what happens to RH and DPt

A

RH goes down

DPt goes down

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18
Q

When ice turns to vapour

A

Sublimation

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19
Q

When vapour turns to ice

A

Deposition

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20
Q

Height of tropopause over equator

A

60,000ft

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21
Q

Height of tropopause over poles

A

30,000 ft

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22
Q

Temp constant with height called

A

Isothermal layer

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23
Q

Temp increase with height called

A

Inversion

24
Q

RH% = 100-5(temp-dew pt)

A

.

25
Q

Land veer

A

30% & 2/3 reduction

26
Q

Sea veer

A

10% & 1/3 reduction

27
Q

DVD

ABI

A

Descend, veer, decrease

Ascend, back, increase

28
Q

Dry adiabatic lapse rate

A

3C/000ft

29
Q

Saturated adiabatic lapse rate

A

1.5C/000ft

30
Q

Sea breeze characteristics

A 
10-15 kts
25-40km inland
2-3000ft
Fair weather cumulus
Wind sheer at top of sea breeze
31
Q

Land breeze characteristics

A

3-4 kts

No cloud

32
Q

Katabatic wind characteristics

A

Light
Not turbulent
From descending cold wind on mountainous terrain
Settling cold air can cause fog

33
Q

Anabasis wind characteristics

A

Go up - opposite to katabatic

Light

34
Q

Gusts defined

A

Temp increase in wind speed from terrain or obstructions

35
Q

Squall defined

A

Rapid increase >16kts to 22kts for > 1 minute

36
Q

Fohn wind

A 
A substantial mountain range
Wind at right angles
High moisture content of approaching air
Dry, warm and gusty
On dry side, cloud base at dew point
37
Q

Mountain waves (MTW)

A

Moderate to severe turbulence
Possible rotor action
Strong down draughts

38
Q

Reporting cloud - FEW

A

1-2 oktas

39
Q

Reporting cloud - scattered SCT

A

3-4 oktas

40
Q

Reporting cloud- broken BKN

A

5-7 oktas

41
Q

Reporting cloud- overcast OVC

A

8 oktas

42
Q

Height of high cloud

A

> 17000ft

43
Q

Height of Middle cloud

A

7-17000 ft

44
Q

Height of low cloud

A

<7000ft

45
Q

Clear ice conditions

A

Supercooled water 0 to -15C
Small part freezes on impact and rest runs back
Cumuliform

46
Q

Rime ice conditions

A

Temp <-15C
Greater amount freezes on impact
Stratiform

47
Q

Freezing rain conditions

A

Warm rain falls through colder air
Typical on warm fronts
Different freezing levels

48
Q

Carb icing conditions

A

25C to -15C

49
Q

Abbreviation for mist

A

BR

50
Q

Abbreviation for drizzle

A

DZ

51
Q

Abbreviation for smoke

A

FU

52
Q

Abbreviation for shallow

A

MI

53
Q

Abbreviation for mountain waves

A

MTW

54
Q

Abbreviation for no cloud detected

A

NCD

55
Q

Abbreviation for dust

A

PO

56
Q

RVR

A

Runway visual range

57
Q

Abbreviation for snow

A

SN

58
Q

Abbreviation for partial/patches

A

PR

Flying (9 decks)

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