MESOPOTAMIAN CIVILIZATION Flashcards
The first known system of writing
The Cuneiform
The cuneiform utilized __________ and ___________ _______, which are carved on clay using a _______ ____________ and then left to dry.
pictures, triangular symbols, wedge instruments
Considered the first true city
The Uruk city
The Uruk city is constructed using _____ or ______ from the river, which they mixed with ________, producing sun-baked bricks.
mud, clay, reeds
Houses made from bricks protects
the Sumerians from harsh weather
and city wall made from bricks
protects their city from enemies.
The Uruk city
Also called the mountain of God
The Great Ziggurat of Ur
The building structure is also made
from sun-baked bricks, which is
another remarkable engineering and
architectural feat of the civilization
The Great Ziggurat
Sumerians created _______and ____________ _________ to bring water to farmlands and control flooding.
Dikes, Irrigation canals
This method was considered as one of the world’ s most beneficial engineering works
Irrigation and dikes
______ were essential in transportation and trading as well as in fostering culture, information and technology.
Sailboats
Sailboats are made up of _______ and covered with __________ ______
Reeds, Animal skin
First sailboats were small and shaped like a _______ _________
Round basket
Who invented the wheel, which was made for farm work and food
Sumerians
When is plow invented and who?
During Mesopotamian civilization, Sumerians
Sumerians make weapons by mixing _________ ________ with _____ to make new, stronger metal called ___________.
Melted copper, tin, bronze
They were the very first civilization to invent a calendar.
Ancient sumer
Their invented calendar had ____ months and each month had around ______ days.
12, 30
They invented zodiac that is based on the different phases of the moon, which stated different agricultural phases in the year.
Sumerians
The Sumerian government used ___________ to calculate the surface area of farmer’s field.
Geometry
The Sumerians used _______________ ______ and __________ to accurately measure their land boundaries.
multiplication tables, fractions
Sumerian medicine was a combination of __________ _________ ___________ and _________.
Natural healing techniques, Surgery
