EGYPTIAN CIVILIZATION Flashcards
The earliest paper-like material
Papyrus sheets
The Egyptians mixed ____________ _____, ____, and ____ ______ to make black ink.
Vegetable gum, soot, bee wax
They replaced soot with other materials such as _______ to make various colours.
ochre
A character used in a system of pictorial writing, particularly that form used on ancient Egyptian monuments.
Heroglyphics
It was the language that tells the modern world of the history and culture of the ancient Egyptians.
Heroglyphics
Using the power of oxen to
pull the plough
revolutionized agriculture
and modified versions of
this Egyptian invention are
still used by farmers in
developing countries
around the world.
The Ox-drawn Plough
Is a curved blade used for cutting and harvesting grain, such as wheat and barley.
Sickle
The Egyptians constructed canals and irrigation ditches to harness _______ river’s yearly flood and bring water to distant fields.
Nile
A long balancing pole with a weight on one end and a bucket on the other
Shadoof
The bucket is filled with water
and easily raised then
emptied onto higher ground.
Shadoof
The Egyptians devised the solar calendar by recording the yearly reappearance of _______ (the Dog Star) in the eastern sky.
Sirius
Their calendar had _____ days and ____ months with ____ days in each month.
365, 12, 30
Eventually __________ added one day to the 365 days every four years.
Ptolemy III
Were used as sun clocks by noting how its shadow moved around its surface throughout the day.
Obelisks
With this, they identified the longest and shortest days of the year.
Obelisks
This device utilizes gravity which affects the flow of water from one vessel to another.
Clepsydra
Egyptians wear _____ to protect the shaved heads of the wealthy people from the harmful rays of the sun.
Wigs
Who invented cosmetics?
Egyptians
A combination of soot or malachite and mineral galena.
Kohl
What shows the Egyptians invented medical surgery?
Edwin Smith Papyrus
The earliest document to make a study of the brain.
Edwin Smith Papyrus
It has a collection of
surgical instruments which include scalpels,
scissors, copper needles, forceps, spoons,
lancets, hooks, probes and pincers.
Cairo Museum
The Egyptians were so expert at preserving
the bodies of the dead that after thousands of
years, we know of the diseases they suffered
such as arthritis, tuberculosis of the bone,
gout, tooth decay, bladder stones, and
gallstones; there is evidence, too, of the
disease bilharziasis (schistosomiasis),
caused by small, parasitic flatworms, which
still exists in Egypt today.
Mummification
