Meosis And Mitosis

Question 1

What is the difference between meiosis and mitosis

Answer 1

MEIOSIS
Genetically different gametes
Chromosome number halved
Haploid gametes produced
Final division in gamete maturation
2 divisions

MITOSIS
Genetically identical parent cell
Chromosome number is retained
Diploid daughter cells produced
Somatic cell division, gamete formation
1 division

Question 2

What are the stages of mitosis

Answer 2

Prophase
Prometaphase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis

Question 3

What happens during prophase of mitosis

Answer 3

Nuclear membrane disintegrates
Chromatin condenses into chromosomes
Centrosomes nucleate microtubles and moves to opposite poles of nucleus

Question 4

What happens during the prometaphase of mitosis

Answer 4

The nuclear membrane breaks down
Microtubules invade nuclear space
Chromatids attach to microtubules
Cell no longer has a nucleus
Chromosomes attach to spindle via centromere

Question 5

What happens during the metaphase stage of mitosis

Answer 5

Chromosomes line up along metaphase plate

Question 6

What happens during anaphase stage of mitosis

Answer 6

Sister chromatids separate and are pushed to opposite poles of the cell centromere first as spindle fibres contract

Question 7

What happens during telophase stage of mitosis

Answer 7

Nuclear membrane reforms
Chromosomes unfold into chromatids
Cytokinesis begins

Question 8

What happens during cytokinesis stage of mitosis

Answer 8

Cell organelles evenly distribute around each nucleus
Cell divides into 2 daughter cells with a nucleus in each

Question 9

What are the stages of meiosis

Answer 9

Meiosis have 2 divisions = meiosis I and meiosis II

Meiosis I includes
Interphase
Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Cytokinesis I

Meiosis II includes
Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II
Cytokinesis II

Question 10

What happens during Prophase I in meiosis

Answer 10

Crossing over occurs between the non-sister chromatids to result in genetic diversity

Question 11

What happens during metaphase I in meiosis

Answer 11

Random assortment occurs on the metaphase plate resulting in genetic diversity

Question 12

What happens in division 2 of Meiosis

Answer 12

The sister chromatids separate producing haploid cells

Question 13

What are the stages in the cell cycle

Answer 13

Mitosis
Cell division
G1
G0
G1 checkpoint
S phase
G2
G2 checkpoint

Question 14

What happens during G1 phase of the cell cycle

Answer 14

Preparation of replication

Question 15

What happens during G0 phase of the cell cycle

Answer 15

Normal function and repair of cells
Some cells such a neurons never leave this phase of the cell cycle

Question 16

What is the G1/G2 checkpoints for

Answer 16

To make sure if everything is okay within the cycle

Question 17

What happens during the S phase of the cell cycle

Answer 17

DNA doubles through DNA replication
Histone proteins double through protein synthesis
Twice as much DNA at the end of the synthesis phase

Question 18

What happens during G2 phase of the cell cycle

Answer 18

Chromosomes condense/coil up and become visible
Energy stores accumulate
Mitochondria and centrioles double