Mental Health CBL Flashcards
why do cannabis users tend to have a higher caries rate
- due to xerostomia
- makes you more hungry
- don’t attend dentist as much
what is schizophrenia
- distortions to thinking and perception
- act in the way they see the world which is different to how we see it
- type of psychoses
what are some features of schizophrenia
- hallucinations and delusions
- auditory hallucinations ca often persist even after everything else has settled
- paranoia
- develop strange behaviours and habits
what is the cause of schizophrenia
- drug abuse = cannabis, alcohol, ecstasy
- genetic susceptibility = more inclined to have it, multigene, can be triggered by a lot of things
- environmental = perinatal risk factors
- concentration of neurotransmitters is too high or too low = dopamine, serotonin and adrenaline
how is schizophrenia managed
- psychological therapy = CBT, cognitive remediation, family intervention
- drug therapy
what type of drugs are given for schizophrenia
- Prescribe dopamine antagonistic drugs eg. typical antipsychotics – which cause extrapyramidal side effects eg.. Dry mouth, sedation
- Prescribe atypical antipsychotics which are less likely to cause extrapyramidal side effects, usually used in long term schizophrenia
- DEPO injection – in bum once schizophrenia is controlled pt can switch to oral drugs
what other therapies and support is given to patients in an in-patient psychiatric unit
- psychological therapy
- have access to psychologists and psychiatrists
- lifestyle therapies = manage money, laundry
what is clozapine
- atypical antipsychotic drug for schizophrenia
- not a first line drug, only given if other antipsychotics have not worked
what is salbutamol
- short acting beta agonist
- bronchodilator for asthma
what is omeprazole
- proton pump inhibitor
- used to stop acid, treat indigestion and heart burn
what are side effects of clozapine
- dry mouth, insomnia, arrythymias, vomiting, increased salivation, blurred vision
- can cause neutropenia = more susceptible to infections
what are side effects of omeprazole
- ulcers
what is the link between cannabis and schizophrenia
- linked to increased risk of psychiatric disorder, longer the use = earlier onset
what is important about stoping smoking when on clozapine
pushes Clozapine levels in the blood really high, if on this and want to stop smoking need to do this in conjunction with the psychiatrist, as could result in clozapine toxicity so refer to smoking cessation who can talk to psychiatrist as could be dangerous for pt. to stop while on this drug
how does cannabis make you more hungry
- affects hormone leptin which affects hunger
