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Psychiatric Nursing > Mental Health and Illness > Flashcards

Mental Health and Illness Flashcards

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1
Q

mental health

A

successful adaption to stressors from the internal/external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age-appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms

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2
Q

mental illness

A

maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal/external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms, and INTEREFERE WITH THE INDIVIDUAL’S SOCIAL, OCCUPATIONAL, AND/OR PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING

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3
Q

incomprehensibility

A

the inability of the general population to understand the motivation behind the behavior

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4
Q

cultural relativity

A

the “normality” of behavior is determined by the culture

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5
Q

stress

A

the state manifested by a specific syndrome which consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system

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6
Q

general adaption syndrome

A

how we adapt to stress; alarm reaction stage, stage of resistance, stage of exhausation

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7
Q

alarm reaction stage

A

fight or flight is initiated; increased heart rate, sweaty

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8
Q

stage of resistance

A

attempt to adapt to stressor

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9
Q

stage of exhausation

A

prolonged stress; only occurs if we do no t adapt to stressor in stage of resistance

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10
Q

biological responses

A

associated with flight or fight; immediate, sustained and immediate responses

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11
Q

immediate response reactions

A

dilated pupils; increased respiratory rate (dilated bronchioles) and contractility (high heart rate and BP); decreased gastric motility (blood goes to critical organs)

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12
Q

sustained response reactions

A

increased retention of sodium and water, BP, and serum glucose; decreased immune system and inflammatory response

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13
Q

when do sustained physical responses occur

A

after a prolonged period of stress; they also promote susceptibility to many diseases of adaption

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14
Q

modern stress

A

a psychosocial state that is pervasive, chronic, and relentless; promotes susceptibility to diseases of adaption

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15
Q

how is adaption applied to psychological responses to stress

A

determined by the extent to which the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interfere with an individuals functioning

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16
Q

anxiety

A

a feeling of discomfort and apprehension r/t fear of impending danger; individual may be unaware of the source of their anxiety, but it is often accompanied by feelings of uncertainty and helplessness

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17
Q

what are peplau’s 4 levels of anxiety

A

mild, moderate, severe, and panic

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18
Q

mild anxiety

A

seldom a problem; can motivate someone through preparing an action

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19
Q

manifestations of mild anxiety

A

increased motivation and awareness; sharpens skills; enhanced learning; functions at optimal level

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20
Q

moderate anxiety

A

perceptual field begins to diminish

21
Q

manifestations of moderate anxiety

A

decreased concentration/attention span; need help with problem solving; less alert; tense and restless

22
Q

severe anxiety

A

perceptual field diminishes greatly

23
Q

manifestations of severe anxiety

A

focuses on one thing; no attention span; hard time with tasks; change in behavior; physical symptoms (headaches, palpitations, insomnia); emotional symptoms (horror, dread, confusion)

24
Q

panic anxiety

A

the most intense state

25
Q

manifestations of severe anxiety

A

unable to focus on one detail; loss of reality (hallucinations/delusions); wild and desperate/withdrawn; misconceptions; “loss of control”; prolonged is life threatening

26
Q

mild anxiety adaption

A

coping mechanisms: eating, drinking, sleeping, and physical exercise

27
Q

moderate anxiety adaption

A

ego is tested

28
Q

ego defense mechanisms

A

employed for our protection; denial, projection, sublimation, reaction formation

29
Q

sublimation

A

making the best out of a situation; finding the silver lining

30
Q

reaction formation

A

pushing down emotions to the point where they don’t come to the surface; inside you think one thing, but on the outside you say the opposite

31
Q

severe anxiety adaption

A

can contribute to a number of psychological disorders (cardiovascular, GI, etc)

32
Q

what can result from extended periods of repressed severe anxiety

A

psychoneurotic patterns of behavvior

33
Q

what can result from extended periods of panic anxiety

A

psychosis

34
Q

psychosis

A

significant thought disturbance

35
Q

clinical manifestations of psychosis

A

delusions; hallucinations; disorganized speech; loses touch with reality

36
Q

psychotic disorders

A

schizophrenia, schizo-affective, and delusional disorders

37
Q

grief

A

subjective state of emotional, physical, and social responses to the loss of a valued entity

38
Q

5 stages of grief

A

denial, anger, bargaining, depression, an acceptance

39
Q

anticipatory grief

A

the experiencing of the grief progress before the actual loss occurs

40
Q

resolution

A

length of the grief process is entirely individual; it can last from a few weeks to years and is influenced by a number of factors

41
Q

how does guilt affect the grieving process

A

it lengths the experience

42
Q

“benefit” of anticipatory grief

A

shortens griefing process

43
Q

what happens to the grieving process if the person experiences multiple losses

A

it is extended

44
Q

how is resolution achieved?

A

when an individual can look back on the relationship with the lost entity and accept both the pleasures and disappointments of the association

45
Q

maladaptive grief responses

A

prolonged; delayed/inhibited; distorted

46
Q

prolonged grief response

A

an intense preoccupation (with possessions or symbolic items) occurs with the lost entity over an extended period of time

47
Q

delayed/inhibited grief response

A

stuck in denial phase

48
Q

distorted response

A

stuck in anger phase

Psychiatric Nursing (8 decks)

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