Mental Health and Illness Flashcards
mental health
successful adaption to stressors from the internal/external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are age-appropriate and congruent with local and cultural norms
mental illness
maladaptive responses to stressors from the internal/external environment, evidenced by thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that are incongruent with the local and cultural norms, and INTEREFERE WITH THE INDIVIDUAL’S SOCIAL, OCCUPATIONAL, AND/OR PHYSICAL FUNCTIONING
incomprehensibility
the inability of the general population to understand the motivation behind the behavior
cultural relativity
the “normality” of behavior is determined by the culture
stress
the state manifested by a specific syndrome which consists of all the nonspecifically induced changes within a biologic system
general adaption syndrome
how we adapt to stress; alarm reaction stage, stage of resistance, stage of exhausation
alarm reaction stage
fight or flight is initiated; increased heart rate, sweaty
stage of resistance
attempt to adapt to stressor
stage of exhausation
prolonged stress; only occurs if we do no t adapt to stressor in stage of resistance
biological responses
associated with flight or fight; immediate, sustained and immediate responses
immediate response reactions
dilated pupils; increased respiratory rate (dilated bronchioles) and contractility (high heart rate and BP); decreased gastric motility (blood goes to critical organs)
sustained response reactions
increased retention of sodium and water, BP, and serum glucose; decreased immune system and inflammatory response
when do sustained physical responses occur
after a prolonged period of stress; they also promote susceptibility to many diseases of adaption
modern stress
a psychosocial state that is pervasive, chronic, and relentless; promotes susceptibility to diseases of adaption
how is adaption applied to psychological responses to stress
determined by the extent to which the thoughts, feelings, and behaviors interfere with an individuals functioning
anxiety
a feeling of discomfort and apprehension r/t fear of impending danger; individual may be unaware of the source of their anxiety, but it is often accompanied by feelings of uncertainty and helplessness
what are peplau’s 4 levels of anxiety
mild, moderate, severe, and panic
mild anxiety
seldom a problem; can motivate someone through preparing an action
manifestations of mild anxiety
increased motivation and awareness; sharpens skills; enhanced learning; functions at optimal level
moderate anxiety
perceptual field begins to diminish
manifestations of moderate anxiety
decreased concentration/attention span; need help with problem solving; less alert; tense and restless
severe anxiety
perceptual field diminishes greatly
manifestations of severe anxiety
focuses on one thing; no attention span; hard time with tasks; change in behavior; physical symptoms (headaches, palpitations, insomnia); emotional symptoms (horror, dread, confusion)
panic anxiety
the most intense state
