Caring for Patients with Mental Illness and Substance Use Disorders Flashcards
diagnostic overshadowing
phenomenon in which a person’s physical symptoms are attributed to their mental illness; patients are at risk for lack of treatment/appropriate referral
what is depression a risk factor for
cardiovascular disease, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, dementia, asthma, arthritis, and hyperlipidemia
what is the purpose of screening
identify clinically significant symptoms that require further assessment and intervention
what are the 2 suicide screening questions
in the past month, have you had thoughts of suicide? have you ever made a suicide attempt?
what question do you ask if a patient answers yes
are you having thoughts of suicide right now?
what are the 3 issues that are prevalent and high risk priorities for screening in all patients
trauma; suicide risk; substance use disorders
what are violence and trauma linked to for high risks
injury, unhealthy coping mechanisms, and other illnesses such as arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, and chronic pain
what kind of changes is childhood trauma linked to
cognitive, social, psychological, and neurobiological
why do patients with childhood trauma feel reluctant to share critical information
denial, guilt/shame, or a fear of consequence for sharing information
trauma-informed care
care that assesses for, and demonstrated sensitivity to, the impact of trauma history on current behavior and relationships in every aspect of nursing intervention (how trauma impacts a patient)
what groups need special screening
military personnel with PTSD, older adults with depression, and trauma victims
defensive medicine
doing the minimum number of interventions needed to “meet the letter of the law”
what are some risk factors for suicidal patients
depression, substance abusive issues, and/or chronic pain
non-suicidal self-injuring behavior
typically nonlethal, repetitive act used to reduce distress rather than end one’s life
methamphetamine is associated with an increased risk of
suicide
what does screening do in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
quickly assesses the severity of substance use and identifies the appropriate level of treatment
what does brief intervention do in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
focuses on increased insight and awareness regarding substance use and motivation toward behavioral change
what does referral to treatment do in screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment
provides those identified as needing more extensive treatment with access to specialty care
what is controversary surrounding referral
how much care can be provided in non-psychiatric settings? when is it appropriate to refer a patient to a specialist for treatment?
stigmatization
attitude of devaluing a person because of a particular characteristic/illness; creates a barrier to effective mental illness treatment in a primary care emergency rooms, med surg settings, and in psychiatric settings; knowledge gaps, clinical skills, and stigma need to be addressed in non-psychiatric settings
social distancing
an aspect of stigma that refers to the tendency of healthcare workers and others to avoid people with mental illness or addiction
what is the role of the nurse for caring for patients with mental illness and substance abuse
examine one’s personal beliefs and attitudes; develop awareness of the negative impact of stigmatization; identify at risk patients; utilize evidence-based screening; patient safety; engage the patient
