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CMCA LEC 2nd Year, 1st Sem > menstrual cycle > Flashcards

menstrual cycle Flashcards

1
Q

Periodic discharge of blood and cellular debris from the female genital tract.

A

MENSTRUATION

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2
Q

CYCLICAL CHANGES occurring from one
menstruation to the next comprises a ______

A

menstrual cycle

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3
Q

The duration of the menstrual cycle is about _____

A

28 ± 4 days.

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4
Q

_______, ________, ________ are closely related.

A

Pituitary gland, ovaries, and uterus

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5
Q

Pituitary gland is controlled by the ____

A

hypothalamus.

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6
Q

organ that releases GnRH.

A

Hypothalamus

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7
Q

meaning of GnRH

A

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone

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8
Q

what does GnRH stimulate

A

Pituitary Gland to produce FSH and LH.

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9
Q

hormone that triggers ovulation

A

LH (Luteinizing hormone)

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10
Q

hormone that travels in blood to ovaries to
produce egg cells

A

FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)

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11
Q

produces progesterone.

A

Corpus Luteum

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12
Q

main component of estrogen and is high during ovulation

A

estradiol

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13
Q

development of folli

A

primordial follicle
primary follicle
graffian follicle
mature follicle
corpus luteum

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14
Q

gametogenesis phases

A

primordial germ cell
oogonia
primary oocyte
secondary oocyte
ovum

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15
Q

phases of menstruation

A

menstrual
follicular/proliferative phase
ovulation phase
luteal/secretory phase

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16
Q

It lasts for about 3 — 5 days.

menstrual phase
follicular/proliferative phase
ovulation phase
luteal/secretory phase

A

menstrual phase

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17
Q

If the ovum is not fertilized, corpus luteum
regresses from the 24th day of the cycle.

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

18
Q

This causes a decrease in estrogen and
progesterone levels

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

19
Q

It results in SHRINKAGE OF ENDOMETRIUM, coiling
and spasm of arteries leading to focal necrosis of
the endometrium.

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

20
Q

The necrosed endometrium is shed along with
blood and other secretions.

A

MENSTRUAL PHASE

21
Q

what does necrosis mean

A

no blood supply; dead

22
Q

occurs under the influence of estrogen.

A

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE (follicular phase)

23
Q

There is growth of simple tubular glands
and blood vessels.

A

PROLIFERATIVE PHASE (follicular phase)

24
Q

proliferation occurs because of what hormone

A

estrogen

25
Q

Endometrium increases in thickness to about
______ during proliferation stage

A

3-5mm.

26
Q

what produces a thick mucus during proliferation phase

A

endometrial glands

27
Q

At the end of the proliferative phase, what occurs next

A

ovulation

28
Q

phase that lasts for about 14 days.

A

SECRETORY PHASE (luteal phase)

29
Q

starts after ovulation and extends up to the
next menstrual phase

A

SECRETORY PHASE (luteal phase)

30
Q

Endometrium thickens up to ____ during luteal phase

A

6 mm

31
Q

Glands become bigger, tortuous and filled with
secretions during what phase

A

luteal phase

32
Q

what cells proliferate, spiral arteries become
more coiled and dilated during luteal phase

A

Stromal cells

33
Q

hormones that causes luteal phase

A

progesterone and estrogen

34
Q

More of estrogen is secreted into the follicle during….

A

Accelerated Growth of Follicle

35
Q

Stimulates _______ to form increased
number of _____ receptors during accelerated growth of follicle

A

granulosa cells, FSH

36
Q

t/f

Accelerated Growth of Follicle DOES NOT stimulate granulosa cells to form an increased number of LH receptors this makes granulosa cells LESS sensitive to FSH.

A

f

Accelerated Growth of Follicle STIMULATES granulosa cells to form an increased number of FSH receptors this makes granulosa cells MORE sensitive to FSH.

37
Q

FSH and estrogen promote LH receptors on
granulosa cell leading to rapid increase in
______

A

follicular secretion.

38
Q

t/f

Estrogen and LH cause proliferation of STROMAL
cells and increase their secretion.

A

f

thecal

39
Q

Day 14 phase

A

OVULATION PHASE

40
Q

phase where Mature egg is released from the ovary

A

OVULATION PHASE

41
Q

menstrual cycle: ______ days
menstruation: ______ days
fertile days: ______ days
ovulation days: day _____, ______ hours

A

Menstrual cycle: Approx 28 days
Menstruation: 3 to 7 days.
Fertile days: 5 to 6 days
Ovulation day: day 14,12 to 24 hours

42
Q

OTHER CHANGES in the body during menstrual cycle

A

BREAST
VAGINA CERVIX
BODY FLUIDS
BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE

CMCA LEC 2nd Year, 1st Sem (8 decks)

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