menstrual cycle Flashcards
Periodic discharge of blood and cellular debris from the female genital tract.
MENSTRUATION
CYCLICAL CHANGES occurring from one
menstruation to the next comprises a ______
menstrual cycle
The duration of the menstrual cycle is about _____
28 ± 4 days.
_______, ________, ________ are closely related.
Pituitary gland, ovaries, and uterus
Pituitary gland is controlled by the ____
hypothalamus.
organ that releases GnRH.
Hypothalamus
meaning of GnRH
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone
what does GnRH stimulate
Pituitary Gland to produce FSH and LH.
hormone that triggers ovulation
LH (Luteinizing hormone)
hormone that travels in blood to ovaries to
produce egg cells
FSH (Follicle Stimulating Hormone)
produces progesterone.
Corpus Luteum
main component of estrogen and is high during ovulation
estradiol
development of folli
primordial follicle
primary follicle
graffian follicle
mature follicle
corpus luteum
gametogenesis phases
primordial germ cell
oogonia
primary oocyte
secondary oocyte
ovum
phases of menstruation
menstrual
follicular/proliferative phase
ovulation phase
luteal/secretory phase
It lasts for about 3 — 5 days.
menstrual phase
follicular/proliferative phase
ovulation phase
luteal/secretory phase
menstrual phase
If the ovum is not fertilized, corpus luteum
regresses from the 24th day of the cycle.
MENSTRUAL PHASE
This causes a decrease in estrogen and
progesterone levels
MENSTRUAL PHASE
It results in SHRINKAGE OF ENDOMETRIUM, coiling
and spasm of arteries leading to focal necrosis of
the endometrium.
MENSTRUAL PHASE
The necrosed endometrium is shed along with
blood and other secretions.
MENSTRUAL PHASE
what does necrosis mean
no blood supply; dead
occurs under the influence of estrogen.
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE (follicular phase)
There is growth of simple tubular glands
and blood vessels.
PROLIFERATIVE PHASE (follicular phase)
proliferation occurs because of what hormone
estrogen
Endometrium increases in thickness to about
______ during proliferation stage
3-5mm.
what produces a thick mucus during proliferation phase
endometrial glands
At the end of the proliferative phase, what occurs next
ovulation
phase that lasts for about 14 days.
SECRETORY PHASE (luteal phase)
starts after ovulation and extends up to the
next menstrual phase
SECRETORY PHASE (luteal phase)
Endometrium thickens up to ____ during luteal phase
6 mm
Glands become bigger, tortuous and filled with
secretions during what phase
luteal phase
what cells proliferate, spiral arteries become
more coiled and dilated during luteal phase
Stromal cells
hormones that causes luteal phase
progesterone and estrogen
More of estrogen is secreted into the follicle during….
Accelerated Growth of Follicle
Stimulates _______ to form increased
number of _____ receptors during accelerated growth of follicle
granulosa cells, FSH
t/f
Accelerated Growth of Follicle DOES NOT stimulate granulosa cells to form an increased number of LH receptors this makes granulosa cells LESS sensitive to FSH.
f
Accelerated Growth of Follicle STIMULATES granulosa cells to form an increased number of FSH receptors this makes granulosa cells MORE sensitive to FSH.
FSH and estrogen promote LH receptors on
granulosa cell leading to rapid increase in
______
follicular secretion.
t/f
Estrogen and LH cause proliferation of STROMAL
cells and increase their secretion.
f
thecal
Day 14 phase
OVULATION PHASE
phase where Mature egg is released from the ovary
OVULATION PHASE
menstrual cycle: ______ days
menstruation: ______ days
fertile days: ______ days
ovulation days: day _____, ______ hours
Menstrual cycle: Approx 28 days
Menstruation: 3 to 7 days.
Fertile days: 5 to 6 days
Ovulation day: day 14,12 to 24 hours
OTHER CHANGES in the body during menstrual cycle
BREAST
VAGINA CERVIX
BODY FLUIDS
BASAL BODY TEMPERATURE
