fertilization Flashcards
process of FUSION of the SPERMATOZOON
with the MATURE OVUM
Fertilization
begins with ____ and ____ collision and
ends with the production of a mononucleated
SINGLE CELL called _______ .
sperm, egg, zygote
Almost always fertilization occurs in the _____
AMPULLARY portion of FALLOPIAN TUBES
The ovum immediately following _____ is PICKED UP by the _____ which partly envelope the
ovary, specially at the time of ovulation
ovulation, tubal fimbriae
The PICK UP ACTION might be ______ or by a kind
of ______ by _____ or by a ______exerted by the _____ tubular secretion
muscular, suction, ciliary action, positive chemotaxis, tubular secretion
________ - how it gets out/excreted
suction - __________
________ - picks up the ovum
approximation - how it gets out/excreted
suction- to transport
fimbriae- picks up the ovum
WHAT is rapidly TRANSPORTED to the ampullary
part.
ovum
WHERE is ovum rapidly TRANSPORTED
ampullary part.
Fertilized lifespan of
oocytes ranges from _____
sperm is _______
oocyte = 12 to 24 hours
sperm = 48 to 72 hours
t/f
Out of hundreds of millions of sperms deposited in
the vagina at single ejaculation only ONE THOUSAND of capacitated spermatozoa enter the uterine tube while only SEVEN HUNDRED reach the ovum.
f
Out of HUNDREDS OF MILLIONS of sperms deposited in the vagina at single ejaculation only THOUSANDS of capacitated spermatozoa enter the uterine tube while only THREE TO FIVE HUNDRED reach the ovum.
WHAT is facilitated by muscular contraction and aspiration action of the uterine tube.
The tubal transport
The tubal transport is facilitated by ______ and _______ of the uterine tube
muscular contraction, aspiration action
_________ of the cells of the ______ occurs by the chemical action of the _______ liberated from the ______ of the hundreds of sperm present at the site
Complete dissolution, corona radiata, HYALURONIDASE, Acrosomal cap
Penetration of _____ is facilitated by ______
Zona pellucida, Hyaluronidase
Soon after the Sperm fusion, what PREVENTS THE PENETRATION of other sperm
ZONA REACTION and COLEMA BLOCK
PROCESS OF FERTILIZATION
Chemo Attraction
Release of Acrosomal Enzymes
Binding of sperm to extracellular envelopes
Passage through extracellular envelopes
Fusion of sperm and egg pronuclei
WHEN DOES LIFE BEGIN?
Every human cell has 46 CHROMOSOMES (Chr)
EXCEPT SPERM AND EGG which have 23
EACH. At conception they become a unique
human with 46 Chr.
Sex of the child is determined by ______
the PATTERN OF SEX CHROMOSOME supplied by the SPERMATOZOON.
If the SPERMATOZOON contains
‘X’ Chromosomes (XX) = _______
‘Y’ Chromosomes (XY) = _______
XX = FEMALE
XY = MALE
MORULA
Fertilization → Zygote → Blastomeres → Morula →
Blastocyst
After the zygote formation, a _______
division of the segmentation nucleus occurs
producing ________.
typical mitotic, two BLASTOMERES
WHAT STAGE is reached approximately 30
hours after “FERTILIZATION”.
Two cells stage
The two cells stage is reached approximately ______
30 hours after “FERTILIZATION”.
WHAT continues to divide by binary
division through the 4,6,8 cell stage until a cluster of cells are formed and are called MORULA, resembling MULBERRY.
blastomeres
The blastomeres continue to DIVIDE BY by ______ through the 4,6,8 cell stage until a cluster of
cells are formed and are called MORULA, resembling MULBERRY
binary division
The blastomeres continue to DIVIDE BY BINARY FISSION TRHOUGH WHAT CELL STAGES?
4,6,8 CELL STAGES
The blastomeres continue to divide by binary
division through the 4,6,8 cell stage until WHAT IS FORMED? are formed and are called MORULA, resembling MULBERRY.
cluster of cells
The blastomeres continue to divide by binary
division through the 4,6,8 cell stage until CLUSTER OF CELLS ARE FORMED AND ARE CALLED
MORULA
this resembles mulberry
MORULA
By the what day does it form to 16-64 cell stage.
4th day
By the 4th day it forms to _____ cell stage
16-64
cluster of cells is called
morula
While the morula REMAINS FREE in the uterine cavity on what days
4th and 5th days
WHAT passes through the canaliculi of the zona
pellucida which separates the cells of morula and is
now termed as BLASTOCYST.
fluid
WHERE DOES FLUID PASS THROUGH fluid passes which separates the cells of morula and is now termed as BLASTOCYST.
canaliculi of the zona pellucida
Term for when fluid passes through the canaliculi of the zona pellucida which separates the cells of morula
BLASTOCYST
WHAT is the next step so that trophectoderm cells interact with endometrial cells and implantation occurs.
Zona Hatching
In Zona Hatching, what cells interact for implantation to occur?
trophectoderm cells and endometrial cells
when ZYGOTE DIVIDES to 32 CELLS
BLASTOCYST
