female reproductive system Flashcards
1
Q
female’s ABILITY TO REPRODUCE is one of its properties
A
female reproductive system
2
Q
the more ________ the animal, the _______ the process of ____________.
A
the more PRIMITIVE the animal, the SIMPLER the process of REPRODUCTION
3
Q
female gametes are called
A
ova
4
Q
functions of female reproductive system
A
- formation of ova
- reception of spermatozoa
- provision of suitable environments for fertilization and fetal development
- parturition
- lactation
5
Q
parturition is also known as
A
childbirth
6
Q
production of milk is known as
A
lactation
7
Q
external genitalia are known collectively as the
A
vulva
8
Q
external genitalia consists of
A
labia majora and minora
clitoris
vaginal orifice
vestibule
hymen
vestibular glands
9
Q
vestibular glands are also known as
A
Bartholin’s glands
10
Q
two large folds
A
labia majora
11
Q
labia majora is also known as
A
greater lips
12
Q
what glands does labia majora contain
A
bartholin’s glands
13
Q
helps in lubrication during intercourse
A
bartholin’s glands
14
Q
where hair grows
A
mons pubis
15
Q
labia minora is also known as
A
lesser lips
16
Q
two smaller folds
A
labia minora
17
Q
what splits in front to enclose the clitoris
A
labia minora
18
Q
corresponds to the penis
A
clitoris
19
Q
contains sensory nerve endings and erectile tissue
A
clitoris
20
Q
small pea-shaped structure that is important for sexual excitement
A
clitoris
21
Q
situated on both sides near the vaginal opening
A
vestibular glands
22
Q
secretes mucus that keeps the vulva moist
A
vestibular glands
23
Q
branches from internal pudendal arteries
A
arterial supply
24
Q
forms a large plexus that drains to the internal iliac veins
A
venous drainage
25
through superficial inguinal nodes
lymph drainage
26
branches from pudendal nerves
nerve supply
27
roughly triangular area extending from the
base of the labia minora to the anal canal
Perineum
28
gives attachment to the muscles of the
pelvic floor
Perineum
29
Internal Genitalia
Vagina, uterus,
Two uterine tubes
Two ovaries
30
fibromuscular tube lined with
stratified squamous epithelium.
Vagina
31
runs obliquely upwards and backwards at what angle
45 degrees
32
how long is anterior wall
7.5 cm long
33
how long is posterior wall
9 cm
34
thin layer of mucous membrane
Hymen
35
partially occludes the opening of the vagina
Hymen
36
normally incomplete to allow for passage
of menstrual flow and is stretched or
completely torn away
Hymen
37
The vaginal wall has three layers
areolar tissue,
smooth muscle
stratified squamous epithelium
38
OUTER COVERING of vaginal wall
areolar tissue
39
MIDDLE LAYER of vaginal wall
smooth muscle
40
INNER LINING that forms ridges or rugae of vaginal wall
stratified squamous epithelium
41
t/f
vaginal wall has secretory glands but the surface is NOT KEPT moist by CERVICAL SECRETIONS
f
vaginal wall has NO secretory glands but the surface is KEPT moist by CERVICAL SECRETIONS
42
bacteria that secrete lactic acid
Lactobacillus acidophilus
43
t/f
Lactobacillus acidophilus maintains a pH between 5.0 and 5.5.
f
4.9 and 3.5.
44
acts as the receptacle for the penis during sexual intercourse (coitus)
Vagina
45
provides an elastic passageway through which
the baby passes during childbirth.
Vagina
46
coitus means
sexual intercourse
47
a hollow muscular pear-shaped organ
Uterus
48
located anteroposteriorly in the pelvic
cavity.
Uterus
49
lies in the pelvic cavity between the urinary
bladder and the rectum
Uterus
50
uterus is about ______ long, ______ wide and its walls are about _______ thick
7.5 cm, 5 cm, 2.5 cm
51
uterus weighs between
30 and 40 grams
52
53
Parts of the Uterus
Fundus
Body
Cervix
54
DOME-SHAPED PART of the uterus above the openings of the uterine tubes.
Fundus
55
the MAIN PART of uterus and is narrowest inferiorly at the internal os to the cervix
Body
56
neck of the uterus
cervix
56
PROTRUDES THROUGH THE ANTERIOR WALL of the
vagina
Cervix
57
Layers of the Uterus
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium
58
OUTERMOST layer of the uterus
perimetrium
59
Anteriorly fold of peritoneum forms
vesicouterine pouch
60
Posteriorly the peritoneum forms the....
rectouterine pouch (of Douglas)
61
MIDDLE layer of uterus
Myometrium.
62
THICKEST LAYER of tissue in the uterine wall.
Myometrium.
63
a MASS OF SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBERS interlaced with
areolar tissue, blood vessels, and nerves.
Myometrium.
64
INNERMOST layer of the uterus
Endometrium
65
Made up of the COLUMNAL EPITHELIAL cells
Endometrium
66
Consist mucous secreting TUBULAR GLANDS
Endometrium
67
Supporting Structures to the Uterus
Broad ligaments
Round ligaments
Uterosacral ligaments
Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments
68
formed by a DOUBLE FOLD of peritoneum, one on each side of the uterus
Broad ligaments
69
BANDS OF FIBROUS TISSUE between the two layers of broad ligament.
Round ligaments
70
originate from the POSTERIOR WALLS OF CERVIX and vagina and extend backwards, one on each side
of the rectum, to the sacrum
Uterosacral ligaments
71
EXTEND FROM EACH SIDE of the cervix and
vagina to the side walls of the pelvis.
Transverse cervical (cardinal) ligaments
72
lie in the UPPER FREE BORDER OF BROAD LIGAMENT and their trumpet-shaped lateral ends
penetrate the posterior wall
fallopian tube
73
end of each tube has FINGERLIKE PROJECTIONS called
fimbriae
74
LONGEST and is in CLOSE ASSOCIATION with the ovary.
ovarian fimbria
75
uterine tubes are covered with
peritoneum (broad ligament)
76
structure of the uterine tubes have a _________ and are lined with _______
middle layer of smooth muscle, ciliated epithelium
77
t/f
BLOOD, NERVE SUPPLY, and LYMPHATIC DRAINAGE are as for the UTERUS
t
78
t/f
uterine tubes DOES NOT PROPEL the OVUM from the ovary to the uterus by PERISTALSIS and CILIARY MOVEMENT
f
uterine tubes PROPEL the OVUM from the ovary to the uterus by PERISTALSIS and CILIARY MOVEMENT
79
The _______ of the uterine tube nourish both
ovum and spermatozoa
secretions
80
t/f
The secretions of the uterine tube only nourishes ovum
f
The secretions of the uterine tube nourish BOTH
ovum and spermatozoa.
81
what is the process where the OVUM TAKES PLACE IN the UTERINE TUBE and the ZYGOTE IS PROPELLED into the UTERUS for IMPLANTATION
Fertilization
82
fertilization: ______
____________: uterus
fertilization: uterine tubes
implantation: uterus
83
the female gonads
ovaries
84
glands PRODUCING sex hormones and the ova
ovaries
85
lie in a SHALLOW FOSSA on the lateral walls of the
pelvis
ovaries
86
They are _______ long, _____ wide and ______ thick.
2.5-3.5cm, 2cm, 1cm
87
t/f
BLOOD VESSELS and NERVES pass to the OVARY but does not pass through the MESOVARIUM
f
BLOOD VESSELS and NERVES pass to the OVARY through the MESOVARIUM
88
Structure of the Ovaries
Medulla.
Cortex.
89
ovaries layer that lies in the CENTER and consists of FIBROUS TISSUE, BLOOD VESSELS, and NERVES
Medulla
90
ovaries layer that SURROUNDS the medulla.
Cortex
91
cortex has a framework of connective tissue or _______, covered by ________
stroma, germinal epithelium
92
ovaries layer that contains OVARIAN FOLLICLES in various stages of maturity, each of which contains an ovum
cortex
93
organ in which the FEMALE GAMETES ARE STORED AND DEVELOPED prior to ovulation.
ovary
94
maturation is controlled by the _________
and the __________
hypothalamus, anterior pituitary gland
95
also known as mammary glands
breasts
96
Breasts exist also in the male, but in what form
rudimentary form
97
consist of varying amounts of glandular tissue, responsible for milk.
mammary glands
98
Each breast contains how many lobes
20 lobes
99
glandular structures WHERE MILK IS PRODUCED
lobules
100
Lobules open into ________, which drain
milk towards the nipple
lactiferous ducts
101
Breast itself is covered in ______
subcutaneous fat.
102
t/f
glandular tissue PROLIFERATES (hyperplasia) to support milk production, and DOES NOT RECEDE again after lactation stops
f
glandular tissue PROLIFERATES (hyperplasia) to support milk production, and RECEDES again after lactation stops
103
a small conical eminence at the center
of the breast
Nipples
104
pigmented area that surrounds the nipples
areola.
105
numerous sebaceous glands the LUBRICATE THE NIPPLE during lactation
Montgomery's tubercles
106
supplied with blood from the thoracic branches of the AXILLARY ARTERIES and from the INTERNAL MAMMARY and INTERCOSTAL ARTERIES.
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
Lymph drainage
Nerve supply
Arterial supply
107
formed by an anastomotic circle round the base of the nipple axillary and mammary veins.
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
Lymph drainage
Nerve supply
Venous drainage
108
mainly into the superficial axillary lymph vessels and nodes
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
Lymph drainage
Nerve supply
Lymph drainage
109
breasts are supplied by branches from the 4th, 5th and 6th thoracic nerves.
Arterial supply
Venous drainage
Lymph drainage
Nerve supply
Nerve supply
110
breasts are supplied by branches from the ___, ___ and ___ thoracic nerves.
4th, 5th, 6th
