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FNP Licensure Review > Mens Health > Flashcards

Mens Health Flashcards

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Family Nurse Practitioner (FNP) flashcards
1
Q

undescended testes. ↑ risk of testicular cancer.

A

Cryptorchidism

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2
Q

Inflammation of the testicle

A

Orchitis

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3
Q

stimulated by the release of testosterone and
follicle stimulating hormone (FSH).
Where does it take place?

A

Spermatogenesis

seminiferous tubules of the testes.

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4
Q

produced by the release of luteinizing
hormone (LH)

A

testosterone/ Androgens

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5
Q

Coiled tubular structure
located posteriorly to the testis. Stores
sperm for maturation

A

Epididymis

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6
Q
  • Walnut size.
  • Secretes fluid to protect and nourish sperm.
  • PSA: 2.5-4.
A

Prostate

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7
Q

Normal DRE finding

A

smooth, rubbery, symmetrical.

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8
Q

BPH DRE finding

A

Enlarged, smooth, firm

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9
Q

Prostatitis DRE finding

A

bogginess, tender

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10
Q

Prostate Cancer DRE Findings

A

irregular borders, firmness, nodular

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11
Q

Inflammation of the penis, candida infection,
most common uncircumcised, DM,
immunocompromised.

A

Balanitis

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12
Q

Absence of one or two testicles from
scrotum. Usually resolve after 1 year.

A

Cryptorchidism

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13
Q

Fluid filled testicle.
Transillumination.

A

Hydrocele

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14
Q

Foreskin can not be pulled back over glans
penis due to penile edema.

A

Phimosis

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15
Q

Varicose veins on testicles.
“Bag of worms”

A

Varicocele

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16
Q

Enlargement of the prostate
gland.
* Symptoms: urinary frequency,
trouble starting urination, weak
stream, nocturia = urinary tract
infections (UTI), bladder stones,
chronic kidney problems.
* Cause: unclear.
* Risk factors: family hx, obesity,
DM, ↓exercise, erectile dysfunction.
Education:
* ↓BP = dizziness, orthostatic hypotension. Take meds PM.
* Herbal supplement: Saw palmetto.

A

BPH

17
Q

Tx for BPH

A
  • alpha blockers => terazosin (Hytrin), Tamsulosin (Flomax).(take at night to decrease sx)
  • 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (blocktes tosterone): Finasteride (Proscar).
  • Surgery.
  • Other: ↓alcohol, ↓weight.
18
Q

Shrinks the prostate by 50%. If you stop taking, prostate enlarges.

A

Finasteride (Proscar).

19
Q

Drugs that can worsen BPH symptoms:

A

pseudoephedrine, anticholinergics, CCB, caffeine.

20
Q

Penis unable to stay erect during sexual
intercourse. Vascular insufficiency.
* Causes: Drugs (SSRIs like Paxil), neuropathy
(DM), alcohol, smoking, hypogonadism, psychiatric

A

Erectile Disfunction

21
Q

Meds for ED

A

Sildenafil citrate (Viagra): take 30-60min before sex, duration 4 hrs.
* Vardenafil (Levitra): same.
* Tadalafil (Cialis): take 2 hrs before sex, lasts 36hrs!

Education
* May cause HA, facial flushing, dizziness,
hypotension, priapism.
* WARNING: nitrates, alpha-blockers, hx MI, post
cerebrovascular accident, major surgery.

22
Q

> 6 weeks, gradual.
Symptoms: weeks worth of suprapubic or perineal pain, dysuria, frequency, nocturia. (No systemic symptoms).
May be asymptomatic.
DRE: normal or slightly boggy, non tender.
UA: normal (unless cystitis)
PSA: elevated (inflammation)
Organism: E.coli, Proteus

A

Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

23
Q

Tx for Chronic Bacterial Prostatitis

A

Bactrim PO BID 4-6 weeks
Fluoroquinolone (Floxin, Levaquin) daily 4-6 weeks.

24
Q

<6 weeks, sudden.
Symptoms: sudden onset of high fever, chills,
suprapubic pain, perineal pain, dysuria, frequency,
nocturia, cloudy urine.
DRE: tender, warm, boggy.
Accompanied by cystitis or epididymitis.
UA: pyuria, hematuria
Organism: E.coli, Proteus
WARNING: vigorous palpation of infected prostate can lead to bacteremia.

A

Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

25
Q

Tx for Acute Bacterial Prostatitis

A

<35 yr: Ceftriaxone 250 mg IM and Doxy 100mg BID x 10 days
>35 yr: Fluoroquinolone PO x 4-6 weeks (Cipro,
Levaquin, Floxin)

26
Q

Penile plaque formations that
interfere with erection. Fibrotic
plaques, palpable nodules. Penile
pain, crooked penis.
* Tx plan: referral to urologist

A

Peyronie’s Disease

27
Q

Inflammation of the epididymis caused by bacteria (E.coli), STI. <35yo.

A

Epididymitis

28
Q

Swollen, painful/tender testicle (usually one side > than the other), red, warm scrotum, urethral discharge .
Labs: leukocytosis (CBC), pyuria/hematuria/nitrites (UA). + gonorrhea, chlamydia?

*Positive Prenh’s sign: relief of pain w/scrotum elevation

A

Epididymitis

29
Q

tx for Epididymitis

A

Tx:
<35 yo STI; Doxy PO BID x 10 days + Ceftriaxone 250mg IM

> 35 yo; fluoroquinolone (Floxin, Levaquin).

Symptomatic management: ice, elevate, bed rest, stool softener.

30
Q

relief of pain w/scrotum elevation

A

Positive Prenh’s sign

31
Q

Ischemic: blood does not drain properly from the penis.
Non-ischemic:↑arterial flow, disruption of parasympathetic nervous system.
Causes: Sickle cell disease, antipsychotics, SSRIs, blood thinners, cocaine, cannabis.

A

Prolonged penile erection (Priapism)

32
Q

Most common in white males ages 15-30 y.o.
* Findings: testicular nodule/s that are fixed,
“heaviness”, aching, one testicle larger,
tenderness on one side. Can be painless and
asymptomatic when early. Hydrocele common.
Diagnostics:
* US= solid mass
* Biopsy= gold standard
Tx:
* Referral to urologist for orchiectomy.
* Chemotherapy.

A

Testicular Cancer

33
Q

Most common cancer in men. Slow growing.
Risk factors
* Age >50
* African American
* Obesity
* + Fam Hx
Findings
* PSA >4.0 ng/mL
* DRE: Fixed hard nodule or indurated area on gland
* Dx: Biopsy
Tx
* Antiandrogens (Proscar)
* Hormone blockers (Lupron)

A

Prostate Cancer

34
Q

Usually school age boy.
* Abrupt onset of a blue-colored round mass. (blue dot sign)
* Necrosis of the appendix testis due to
torsion.

A

Torsion of the Appendix Testis

35
Q

Usually adolescent.
* Abrupt onset of extreme testicular pain.
* N&V.
* Affected testicle is higher than non-affected.
* Cremasteric reflex missing

A

testicular torsion
* emergency!

36
Q

risk factors associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Family hx
obesity
HTN

37
Q

risk factors associated with benign prostatic hyperplasia

A

Family hx
obesity
HTN

38
Q

What patient education is important when the patient is prescribed Hytrin?

A

Take med at night as it decreases BP (is an alpha blocker)

FNP Licensure Review (10 decks)

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