Menopause and HRT Lecture powerpoint

Question 1

Menopause definition

Answer 1

Cessation of menses

Question 2

Climacteric

Answer 2

Time of transition when ovarian function begins to wane, characterized by high FSH but no ovarian response as the individual slowsly stops getting period

Question 3

Average age of menopause

Answer 3

51, give or take 5-10 years

Question 4

Cause of menopause

Answer 4

• Estrogen levels decrease with age
• Follicles left in ovary are not responsive to FSH in any conc. (hyporesponsive)
• ovulation stops occuring

Question 5

A patient who enters menopause under 40 will need…

Answer 5

….hormone replacement therapy due to complications at stopping at such a young age such as osteoporosis

Question 6

Signs of menopause (3)

Answer 6

• increased hair growth due to androgens no longer converted to estrogens
• erythema from vasomotor flushes
• hot flashes

Question 7

Low estrogen levels can often result in…

Answer 7

….osteoperosis

Question 8

HRT’s vs OCP’s

Answer 8

They are very different, they use a different source of estrogen

Question 9

Premarin

Answer 9

Hormone replacement therapy for women in menopause

Question 10

Provera

Answer 10

Hormone replacement therapy for women in menopause, continuous estrogen and progesterone

Question 11

NEVER order what test to determine if a petient is menopausal, because this other test will always do!

Answer 11

Estrogen, FSH is good enough

Question 12

Best birth control type

Answer 12

Monophasic

Question 13

Immediately after birth want to use ___ only type birth controls

Answer 13

Progesterone

Question 14

Premature ovarian failure

Answer 14

Spontaneous cessation of menses <40years old

Question 15

Hormone replacement therapy benefits

Answer 15

• reduced osteoperosis
• reduced alzheimer’s
• reduced atrophic vaginitis
• improved sexual funcitoning

Question 16

Bioidentical hormones

Answer 16

Lack of evidence of safety in bioidentical hormones because no studies have been done, therefore they might not be safe, but many patients prefer them because they are natural

Question 17

Methyltestosterone

Answer 17

Given as part of hormone replacement therapy to replace testsosteorne levels in the female (helps with bone deposition, sex funciton, etc)

Question 18

Clonidine

Answer 18

HRT for vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women

Question 19

Methyldopia

Answer 19

HRT given for vasomotor symptoms in meonpusal women

Question 20

Bellergal

Answer 20

HRT for vasomotor symptoms in menopausal women

Question 21

Absolute contraindications of HRT

Answer 21

• unexplained vaginal bleeding

- pregnancy

Question 22

Cyclic HRT vs continuous HRT

Answer 22

Estrogen and progestin, may have withdrawl bleeding on off days to simulate menstrual cycle, continuous is estrogen and progestin without a gap period

Question 23

Bazedoxifene/conjugated estrogen/duavee

Answer 23

Selective estrogen receptor modulator that when combined with estrogen allows for activity of the bone but antiestrogenic activity on the uterus and breast, making it ideal for cancer prevention