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Women's Health > Contraception Lecture Powerpoint > Flashcards

Contraception Lecture Powerpoint Flashcards

with the frog man

1
Q

How many US pregnancies are unintended?

A

Nearly half

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2
Q

Unintended pregnancy is associated with…

A

…low income status and poverty

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3
Q

Contraceptive use has had what impact on abortion rate? When do most abortions occur?

A

Decreased it, early in pregnancy, less than 9 weeks

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4
Q

Why are so many women at risk for unintended pregnancy?

A

-Over the course of a year many women have periods where they stop the method they use or do not use it properly (gaps in contraception)

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5
Q

A woman with an unintended pregnancy is…

A

…Just as likely to carry it to term as to have an aboriton

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6
Q

How many unintended pregnancies end in abortion?

A

Nearly half, including 1/6 of them being spontaneous abortions

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7
Q

Increased access to contraceptives does not….

A

….increase sexual activity, it remains constant

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8
Q

Noncontraceptive funcitons of oral contraceptive pills

A
  • Treating acne
  • endometriosis
  • menstrual pain and regularity
  • PMS/PMDD
  • decreased risk of ovarian cancer including those with BRCA genes
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9
Q

Using no protection at all, within a year, what percent of couples who want to be pregnant will?

A

85%

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10
Q

What meethods of contraception have the highest failure rate

A
  • Spermicides
  • Fertility awareness
  • Withdrawal
  • Condom
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11
Q

Condoms non contraceptive benefit

A

STI prevention

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12
Q

Types of combination oral contraceptive pills, when does fertility return on all of them?

A

Monophasic - constant dose
Multiphasic - varying doses
21/7, 24/4, 84/7 - continuous formulations
Fertility returns within days of discontinuation

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13
Q

Ethinyl estradiol or mestranol definition and function

A

Exogenous estrogen found in combination OCP’s, funciton to suppress FSH/LH secretion

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14
Q

Progestin definition and funciton

A

Exogenous progesterone found in combo ocp’s, function to simulate pregnancy by suppressing ovulation

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15
Q

Many side effects of progestin include similar side effects to those of…

A

…pregnancy

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16
Q

Contraindications for OCP’s

A
  • Those at increased risk for VTE (factor V ligand)
  • patient is in early 50’s
  • Smoker >35
  • Migraines with aura at any age
  • Obesity >35 years old (at risk for DVT)
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17
Q

Common OCP side effects

A
  • Intermenstrual spotting
  • Nausea
  • Breast tenderness
  • Headaches
  • Weight gain
  • Mood changes
  • Decreased libido
18
Q

Patch/ring

A

Applied weekly for 3 weeks, then removed for one free week if desired

19
Q

Progestin only pills

A

A smaller dosage than other OCP’s and thus hav ea higher failure rate, taken consistently without free interval, irregular bleeding is common, often used in breastfeeding women because it has no impact on milk prodction

20
Q

On progestin only pills, ovulation….

A

is NOT consistently suppressed

21
Q

When should a OCP be started?

A

Immediately regardless of timing of menses is preferred method as long as there is no pregnancy

22
Q

There is no evidence that OCP usage causes….

A

…birth defects

23
Q

Hormone free interval birth control

A

21 days of pills, 7 days placebo to begin withdrawal bleeding mimicking the normal menstrual cycle

24
Q

Extended cycle birth control

A

Reduce menstruation periods to only 4 a year opposed to the hormone free interval

25
Q

Fraction of women who rely on pill yet use it inconsistently and miss at least one in a 3 month period

A

2/5

26
Q

Depo-Provera definniotn and function

A

Approved contraceptive injection giving immediate protection repeated 11-13 weeks, inhibits follicle development and prevents ovulation

27
Q

Depo-provera extended use contraindication

A

A long time usage could result in hypoestrogen resulting in osteopenia or other issues, recommended for no more than 2 years, return to fertility can take 12-18 months

28
Q

Depo-provera benefits

A

Lack of estrogen so no incresaed risk of DVT, no further action required by patient (passive compliance)

29
Q

COCP definition and function

A

Combined oral contraceptive, attempts to rpevent ovulation and implantation with about 50% effectiveness when taken within 72 hours in emergency

30
Q

Plan B is available….

A

…OTC

31
Q

Plan B is composed of….

A

Single 1.5mg levo norgesterel pills

32
Q

Mifepristone 10mg one dose results in…

A

…early termination of pregnancy

33
Q

LARC characteristics

A

Long acting reversible contraceptive has to last 3 years or more, require intervention to discontinue, compliance wihtout active attention, have results ocmparable to sterilization

34
Q

Paragard

A

Copper IUD that acts as a spermicide via its main mechanism

35
Q

Copper IUD also decreases risk of…

A

…endometrial cancer

36
Q

Don’t put in an IUD if there is a known….

A

…STI causing cervicitis

37
Q

Levonorgestrel

A

Another type of IUD

38
Q

Skyla

A

Another smaller type of IUD

39
Q

Nexplanon

A

A subdermal implant of etonogestrel that lasts for 3 years with rapid return to fertility after removal

40
Q

LARC is particularly beneficial because…

A

…it promotes passive compliance

Women's Health (17 decks)

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