Meningitis Flashcards
which 4 organisms cause bacterial meningitis
strep pneumonia
group B strep
e coli
meningococcus
which 4 things may cause aseptic meningitis
virus
allergy
fungus
parasitic
what is the worst strain of meningitis
meningococcus
what are the 4 risk factors of meningitis
neural tube defects
HIV
sinus fracture
head trauma
what is the most common type of aseptic meningitis
viral
what are the 2 most common viral causes
HSV
enterovirus
how soon do symptoms of aseptic meningitis resolve
3-10 days
which meds are used to treat TB meningitis
INH
Rifampin
what are the 2 types of acute bacterial meningitis
strep pneumonia
meningococcal
what are the 2 types of subacute bacterial meningitis
H flu
e coli
what is a common symptom of meningococcal meningitis
frontal headache
is the glucose value high or low with meningitis
low
what is the protein level & color of CSF with aseptic meningitis
protein level normal
color - clear
what is the protein level & color of CSF with bacterial meningitis
protein level elevated
color turbid/cloudy
what is the most important thing to do with a lumbar puncture
get a culture
what position should the pt be in after a lumbar puncture
supine
s/s are subtle in infants, but what might you see
3
poor feeding
apnea
vomiting
what position is a late sign of meningitis with an arched back
opisthotonus
which sign is positive when the pt resists extension of the knees
Kernig’s sign
which sign is positive when flexion of the neck causes flexion of the knees/hips
Brudzinski’s sign
why are fluids restricted for the 1st 24-48 hours
SIADH - do not want to hold fluids
which antibiotics are given for meningitis (5)
ampicillin cefotaxime ceftriaxone gentamycin vancomycin
which antibiotic is given to treat Neisseria (2)
penicillin
chloramphenical
which med is given to treat HSV meningitis
acyclovir
what should the nurse assess for (4)
seizures
photophobia
staggering gait
incontinence
which 2 things make for a poor prognosis
young
long duration
what are 5 common complications
sequelae subdural effusions hydrocephalus learning deficit arthritis
