Meninges, dura mater, reflections and sinuses Flashcards
What are the 3 membranes of connective tissue known as meninges? (outer to inner)
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater
Where does the dura mater attach?
The inner surface of the neurocranium in the skull
What separated dura mater from the walls of the vertebral canal?
epidural space
What are the 2 layers of the dura mater?
1.) Periosteal layer
2.) Meningeal layer
What does the periosteal layer attach to?
The inner surface of the cranial cavities
What 2 structures does the meningeal layer separate from the periosteal layer to form?
1.) dural reflections
2.) dural sinuses
What do dural reflections form?
Incomplete partitions to divide the cranial cavity
What are the 3 dural reflections?
1.) Falx cerebri
2.) Tentorium cerebelli
3.) Falx cerebelli
Which dural reflection is sickle shaped?
Falx cerebri
Which dural reflection occupies the longitudinal fissure of the cerebrum and partially separates the cerebral hemispheres?
Falx cerebri
Which dural reflection is a tent-like horizontal sheet?
Tentorium cerebelli
Which dural reflection is a less prominent vertical reflection of the dura?
Falx cerebelli
Which dural reflection intervenes horizontally between the cerebellum and occipital lobe of the cerebral hemispheres, diving the cerebrum from the cerebellum?
Tentorium cerebelli
Which dural reflection provides a passage for the mid brain?
Tentorium cerebelli
Which dural reflection is in the sagittal plane along vermis that partially separates the cerebellar hemispheres?
Falx cerebelli
What do dural sinuses do?
Channels that drain the venous blood of the brain to the circulatory system
What are the 5 main dura sinuses? Paired or unpaired?
1.) cavernous (P)
2.) superior and inferior sagittal (UP)
3.) transverse (UP)
4.) sigmoid (P)
5.) straight (UP)
Where are the cavernous sinuses located?
middle cranial fossa on either side of the hypophyseal fossa of the sphenoid bone
Which sinuses collect the venous blood of the orbital cavity contents?
cavernous
Where are the superior and inferior sagittal sinuses located?
superior and inferior margins of the falx cerebri, respectively
What sinus does the straight sinus receive from and which one does it join to?
Receives: posterior end of the inferior sagittal sinus
Joins: posterior end of the superior sagittal sinus
Which dura sinus is housed in the posterior margin of the tentorium cerebelli?
Transverse
Where are the sigmoid sinuses located?
Groove on the inferior surface of the mastoid process of temporal bones.
What sinuses does the transverse receive from?
The sup. sagittal and straight
Which sinuses receive ALL other dural sinuses (directly and indirectly) and empty into the internal jugular veins?
Sigmoid sinuses
What vein do the deep veins of the brain receive the majority from? And where does it drain?
The great cerebral vein.
Straight sinus.
Where are the superficial veins of the brain located?
In the subarachnoid space. Between Pia Mater and arachnoid mater
Where do the frontal and parietal lobes drain?
Superior sagittal sinus
Where does blood from the occipital and temporal lobes drain?
Right and left transverse sinuses
What 2 layers of the cranial dural mater are the dura sinuses located in?
Periosteal and meningeal
What are the 3 layers of protection of the CNS?
1.) Bone
2.) Connective tissues
3.) Fluid
What is the space below the dura mater that is only present in pathology?
Subdural space
What are the 2 names for the small protrusions of arachnoid through the dura mater?
arachnoid villi / arachnoid granulations
What is the space between the arachnoid mater and the pia mater called?
Subarachnoid space
Pia mater is tightly adhered to what?
neural tissue
Which space or layer would you find CSF?
Subarachnoid space
What do the venous sinuses separate?
periosteal dura and meningeal dura
Which 3 sinuses drain into the confluence of sinuses?
Sup. sag, inf. sag and straight
Which sinus is most common for clots and why?
Sigmoid, S-shape
Is confluence of sinuses in front or back? What about cavernous?
Back / front
What is the space above the dura mater that is only present in pathology in the brain?
Epidural space
Pathway of sinuses
Sup –> confluence
Inf –> via straight –> conf
Conf –> trans –> sig –> jugular
Cav (from eyes, nose, mouth)
