Meninges and Ventricles Flashcards
Meninges (3 parts)
Dura, Arachnoid, Pia
Large arteries and veins travel in the ________.
Sub arachnoid space
Arachnoid granulations
Outmatching of arachnoid into the sagital sinus
Skull fractures can tear the ________ artery, resulting in epidural hemorrhage.
Middle meningeal artery
Epidural hemorrhage
Hemorrhage above the dura
If bridging veins are torn they cause _____. Bridging beings empty into the _______.
subdural hemorrhage,
dural sinuses
Subarachnoid cisterns are larger collections of _____ in the subarachnoid space.
CSF
Function of Meninges
- protection
- stabilization (partial flotation, mechanical suspension)
- arachnoid barrier (part of the blood-CSF barrier)
Two dural reflections
Tentorium cerebellum, falx cerebri
Fall cerebri
Divides the hemispheres into right and left compartments
Tentorium cerebellum
Keeps the cerebellum from the cerebral hemispheres
There is a notch in the tent where the _______ comes out.
Brain stem
The superficial cerebral veins drain into the ________.
Venous sinuses
Where the falx joins the tent is the _______ sinus.
Straight
The _________ cerebral vein empties into the straight sinus.
Great
Dural venous sinuses are endothelial lined channels that carry venous blood to the ______ vein.
Jugular
CNS lymphatic vessels run adjacent to the dural sinuses and drain into _________.
cervical lymph nodes
CSF is made in the ________.
Choroid plexus
Choroid plexus has _____ capillaries.
Fenestrated
Congenital aqueduct stenosis can cause ________.
Hydrocephalus, causes infants heads to enlarge because the sutures are not there yet, they need a shunt put in
Hydrocephalous ex vacuo
Hydrocephalous caused by atrophy, such as alzheimers disease, something needs to take up the space so the CSF will fill it up
Non-communicating hydrocephalous
The obstruction is someplace within the ventricles (up to and including apertures of the fourth ventricle)
Communicating hydrocephalous
Obstruction after the CSF exits the ventricles i.e. blockade of arachnoid villi
3 areas that herniate:
- cingulate gyrus
- uncut
- cerebellar tonsils
There is an opening in the falx and if there is a lot of pressure, the _______ gyrus can herniate underneath it.
Cingulate
Cranial nerve III and the ______ ____ artery are adjacent to the uncus.
Posterior cerebral artery
Uncle herniation squeezes out under the _____ and compresses the midbrain.
tentorium
Tonsils herniation typical presents as _______.
Unilateral dilation of the pupils.
