Introduction to the Nervous System

Question 1

White Matter

Answer 1

Collections of myelinated axons form white matter

Question 2

Gray Matter

Answer 2

Areas where cell bodies, dendrites, and synapses are concentrated

Question 3

Nucleus

Answer 3

A more or less discrete collection of cell bodies

Question 4

Ganglion

Answer 4

Usually a collection of neuronal cell bodies outside the CNS, the basal ganglia are masses of gray matter buried inside the cerebral hemispheres.

Question 5

Cortex

Answer 5

An extensive, layered region of gray matter covering part of the CNS surface.

Question 6

Tract and how they are named

Answer 6

A more of less discrete collection of fibers. Usually the first part of the name indicates where the cell bodies are while the last part indicates where the axons terminate.

Question 7

Fasciculus, Lemniscus, Peduncle

Answer 7

These are all white matter tracts-therefore they are collections of axons.

Question 8

Gyrus vs. Sulcus

Answer 8

Gyrus= hills, Sulcus= valleys

Question 9

Other animals have larger ______. There brains are also smaller and have a different orientation, they are usually more linear, humans have brains that turn.

Answer 9

Olfactory bulbs

Question 10

Cell bodies for the motor neurons live in the ________.

Answer 10

CNS

Question 11

Cell bodies for the sensory neurons live in the _______.

Answer 11

PNS

Question 12

Gray Matter can be called:_____, _____, _____.

Answer 12

Nucleus, cortex, ganglion

Question 13

White Matter can be called:

Answer 13

Tract, Lenticularis, Fasciculus, Lemniscus, Peduncle

Question 14

Types of spaces include:

Answer 14

Ventricles, aqueduct, sulcus, cisterns

Question 15

Diencephalon

Answer 15

Thalamus-relay station and communication, hypothalamus, pinial gland

Question 16

Brainstem (3parts)

Answer 16

midbrain, pons, medulla

Question 17

Central Sulcus

Answer 17

Rolando sulcus

Question 18

Lateral Sulcus

Answer 18

Sylvius sulcus

Question 19

Limbic Lobe (2 parts)

Answer 19

cingulate cortex, parahippocampal gyrus

Question 20

Limbic System (2 parts)

Answer 20

Amygdala, insula

Question 21

______ gyrus lies above the corpus collusom.

Answer 21

Cingulate gyrus

Question 22

Amygdala lives in the ______ part of the temporal lobe.

Answer 22

anterior

Question 23

Basal Ganglia (4 parts)

Answer 23

Caudate, putamen, globus pallidus, nucleus accumens

Question 24

Frontal Lobe, Precentral gyrus

Answer 24

Primary motor cortex

Question 25

Frontal Lobe function

Answer 25

Motor function, personality, phones Gage

Question 26

Post Central Gyrus

Answer 26

Somatosensory cortex

Question 27

Parietal Lobe Function

Answer 27

Somatosensory cortex, spatial awareness

Question 28

Temporal Lobe Function

Answer 28

Auditory cortex, learning and memory (events & facts), has the amygdala and hippocampus?

Question 29

Language areas

Answer 29

bordering lateral sulcus

Question 30

Basal Ganglia Function

Answer 30

Initiation of movement, thoughts, and rewards

Question 31

Limbic System Function

Answer 31

(Hippocampus, amygdala, cingulate gyrus) Emotion, behavior, motivation, learning and memory, olfaction

Question 32

Thalamus function

Answer 32

Relay to cortex

Question 33

Hypothalamus function

Answer 33

autonomic control

Question 34

Pineal Gland function

Answer 34

Circadian Rhythms

Question 35

Brainstem functions

Answer 35

Autonomic control, cranial nerves(reflexes), long tracts, levels of consciousness (modulatory pathway; and reticular activating system)

Question 36

Cerebellum Function

Answer 36

Coordination, limited sensory function

Question 37

Spinal Cord Functions

Answer 37

Spinal nerves-reflexes, long tracts, relay station for the autonomic NS (also found in brainstem)