Meningeal and Dural Venous Sinuses Flashcards
2 layers of the Dura Mater of the brain
Endosteal and Meningeal layers
On certain areas, the closely united layers of the dura mater separate to form __________
Venous Sinuses
This layer of the dura mater is the periosteum covering the inner surface of the skull
Endosteal layer
At the level of the ________ the outer layer of the dura mater does not become continuous with the dura of the SC
Foramen magnum
This inner layer is the dura mater proper
Meningeal layer of the dura mater
This is a dense, strong fibrous membrane covering the brain and is continuous through the foramen magnum with the dura mater of the spinal cord.
Meningeal layer of the dura mater
What are the four septa of the meningeal layer of the dura mater that divide the cranial cavity into freely communicating spaces that lodge the subdivisions of the brain.
Tentorium cerebelli
Falx cerebri
Falx cerebelli
Diaphragma sellae
These function to restrict the displacement of the brain associated with acceleration and deceleration when the head is moved.
Septa of the meningeal layer of the dura mater
This is a sickle-shaped fold of dura mater that lies in the midline between the two cerebral hemispheres.
Falx Cerebri
is a crescent-shaped fold of dura mater that roofs over the posterior cranial fossa.
Tentorium cerebelli
Which lobe of the cerebral hemisphere does the tentorium cerebelli support
Occipital lobes
This is a gap of the anterior edge of the tentorium cerebelli that allows passage of the midbrain, which produces an inner free border and an outer fixed border
Tentorial notch
This is a small, sickle-shaped fold of dura mater attached to the internal occipital crest projects forward between the two cerebellar hemispheres.
Falx cerebelli
This is a small, circular fold of dura mater that forms the roof for the sella turcica.
Diaphragma sellae
The opening of this septa allows passage of the stalk of the pituitary gland
Diaphragma sellae
What are the innervations of the Dura Mater?
Trigeminal Nerve (V1, V2, V3) Vagus Nerve (X) Cervical Spinal Nerves (C1-C3)
Give the meningeal septa and cranial fossa innervated by V1
Falx cerebri
Tentorium cerebelli
Anterior Cranial Fossa
What innervates the Middle and Posterior Cranial fossa
Middle - V2 and V3
Posterior - Vagus and C1-C3 spinal nerves
Arteries supplying the Dura Mater
Middle Meningeal Artery Occipital Artery Vertebral Artery Internal Carotid Artery ascending Pharyngeal Artery Maxillary Artery
Most clinically important blood supply of the dura mater
Middle meningeal artery
The middle meningeal artery arises from the _______ artery in the _______ fossa.
maxillary
infratemporal
The middle meningeal artery runs forward and laterally in a groove on the upper surface of the squamous part of the ______ bone.
Temporal
The main function of these structures is to receive blood from the brain through the cerebral veins and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space
Venous Sinuses
The venous sinus receive blood and CSF through which structures?
Arachnoid villi
What venous sinus occupies the upper fixed border of the falx cerebri?
Superior sagittal sinus
The venous sinus on the upper part of the falx cerebri begins anteriorly at which foramen?
Foramen cecum
The venous sinus on the upper part of the falx cerebri runs posteriorly to which bony landmark of the posterior cranial fossa?
Internal occipital protuberance
The venous sinus on the upper part of the falx cerebri runs posteriorly to which bony landmark of the posterior cranial fossa?
Internal occipital protuberance
What do you call the dilation formed by the superior sagittal sinus at the posterior cranial fossa?
Confluence of the sinuses
The superior sagittal sinus usually becomes continuous with which of the following sinuses? A. right transverse sinus B. left transverse sinus C. occipital sinus D. straight sinus
A. Right Transverse Sinus
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Which of the following sinuses is usually the continuation of the straight sinus? A. left transverse sinus B. right transverse sinus C. left sphenoparietal sinus D. confluence of the sinuses
A - Left Transverse Sinus
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What do you call the venous sinus occupying the free lower border of the falx cerebri?
Inferior sagittal sinus
This vein is located at the free margin of the tentorium cerebelli
Great vein of Galen
Which sinus and vein joins at the free margin of the tentorium cerebelli
Inferior sagittal sinus and the Great vein of Galen
Which sinus occupies the line of junction of the falx cerebri with the tentorium cerebelli?
Straight sinus
Which sinus is formed by the union of the inferior sagittal sinus with the great cerebral vein?
Straight sinus
Which sinuses occupies the attached margin of the tentorium cerebelli?
Transverse sinuses
Which sinuses are direct continuation of the transverse sinuses?
Sigmoid sinuses
The sigmoid sinus passes through which cranial foramen?
Jugular (posterior part)
The sigmoid sinus passes through which cranial foramen?
Jugular (posterior part) foramen
The sigmoid sinus becomes continuous with which structure (specific part)?
Superior bulb of the internal jugular vein
To which dural meningeal septum (margin) does the small occipital sinus occupies?
Falx cerebelli
It commences near the foramen magnum where it communicates with the vertebral veins and drains into the confluence of the sinuses.
Occipital sinus
The cavernous sinuses are situated on each side of the body of the _______ bone.
sphenoid
Which cranial nerve passes through the Cavernous sinus?
Abducens nerve
CAVducens Nerve
Which cranial nerves run forward in the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus?
III, IV, V1, V2
Which artery runs forward through the cavernous sinus?
Internal carotid artery
What structure surrounds the artery that passes through the cavernous sinus?
Sympathetic nerve plexus
What structure surrounds the artery that passes through the cavernous sinus?
Sympathetic nerve plexus
Is the arachnoid mater an impermeable membrane covering of the brain? (yes/no)
YES
This potential space filled with a film of fluid separates the arachnoid mater from the dura mater
Subdural space
The subarachnoid space between the pia mater and arachnoid mater is filled with _____
Cerebrospinal fluid
These sites, formed as the arachnoid mater projects into the dural venous sinuses, are where the CSF diffuses into the bloodstream.
Arachnoid villi
The arachnoid mater is connected to the pia mater by delicate strands of ________ tissue.
fibrous
All the cerebral arteries and veins lie in the ______ space, as do the cranial nerves.
subarachnoid
The arachnoid mater fuses with the ________ of the cranial nerves at their point of exit from the skull.
epineurium
The pia mater is an avascular membrane that closely invests the brain, covering the gyri and descending into the deepest sulci. (YES/NO)
NO (pia mater is vascular)
The pia mater is an avascular membrane that closely invests the brain, covering the gyri and descending into the deepest sulci. (YES/NO)
NO (pia mater is avascular)
This is a dense, strong, fibrous membrane that encloses the spinal cord and the cauda equina.
The dura mater
The dura mater ends on the dural structure known as ________ that proceeds downward from the apex of the conus medullaris
Filum terminale
The dura mater ends at what level of the spinal cord
Lower border of the second vertebra (lower S2)
The pia mater is thickened on either side between the nerve roots to form the __________, which passes laterally to adhere to the arachnoid and dura mater.
Denticulate ligament
