mendelian genetics Flashcards
first bio test
what do punnett squares show/tell?
They are predictions of offspring.
what is the probability/change of a women having either a son or daughter during any birthing event?
It is a 50/50 chance of having a boy or girl.
what is polygenic inheritance? explain with and example.
it is a characteristic that is influenced by two or more genes. An example is skin color.
what is an Allele
It is 1 of a number of different forms of a gene, 1 from each parent, can be recessive or dominant (TT, Tt, Tt)
what is a Genotype
it is genetic makeup of an organism, made up of an Allele pair (TT,Tt,Tt)
what is Phenotype
it is physical characteristic of an organism, expression of Genotype (tall, short) or traits
what does Recessive mean?
trait that is expressed only when dominant allele is absent (written as lowercase —> t)
what does Dominant mean?
allele always expressed (written as uppercase —>T)
when both alleles are the same, they are______
Homozygous (TT, tt)
when the alleles in Genotype are different they are __________
Heterozygous
Monohybrid cross has uses how many traits
1 trait
Dihybrid cross has uses how many traits
2 traits
who is the father of genetics who has studied different traits in pea plants because of the easy growth?
Mendel
what is Law of Segregation?
during meiosis, alleles separate/segregate (Ex. Genotype Tt, gametes get T or t. It is also a single trait monohybrid cross)
G-ratio-
TT:Tt:Tt
