DNA Flashcards
what are the sides of DNA made up of?
sugar, phosphate
what type of bonds are between the sugar and phosphate
covalent bonds
the rungs made of bases are held together by what bonds?
hydrogen bonds
what are the 4 bases
A,T,G,C
what bases are considered purines
A&G (adenine&guanine)
what is Chargaff’s rule?
A=T and G=C
whats different in RNA vs DNA
Uracil-U instead of Thymine-T and sugar ribose instead of Deoxyribose (3 types mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA)
where does DNA replication take place
in S-Phase
what enzyme helps carry out DNA replication
DNA polymerase
explain the 2 steps of DNA replication
1-DNA first unwinds/uncoils
2-DNA unzips by breaking H2 bonds between bases
in DNA replication each double strand gets how many new and old strands
1 new strand and 1 old
what does semi consiritive mean
each daughter receives a complete double strand but one is old and one is new, this means that it is semi consiritive
what is Transformation?
Change in traits of an organism by taking in foreign DNA (coated and uncoated bacteria)
what did Avery show
That DNA is the transforming principle
