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MENA Flashcards

1
Q

Type of climate

A

desert, has created a lack of water

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2
Q

Population distribution

A

people live where the water is

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3
Q

Water sources

A

Fossil water (aquifers)

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4
Q

Desaltinization

A

The removal of salt from water (expensive)

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5
Q

Dead sea

A
  1. Lowest point of dry surface of Earth
  2. Really salty and can not sink
  3. Nothing can live in their
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6
Q

Mesopotamia

A

Tigres and Euphrates Rivers in Iraq

  1. fertile crescent
  2. First recorded civilization
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7
Q

Ottoman Empire

A
  1. Last great muslim empire
  2. Collapsed after defeat in WW1.
  3. signifigant population in Eastern Europe
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8
Q

Division within religions

A
  1. Jews formed early christians
  2. Luthers goal created protestants
  3. After Muhummad died (born in Mecca), sunni thought next leader should be chosen by merit and Shia thought by blood.
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9
Q

Judaism

A
  1. Monotheistic
  2. Established in Israel
  3. Hebrew Bible, Torah
  4. Synagogues
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10
Q

Christianity

A
  1. Followers of Jesus Christ
  2. books, New Testament
  3. churches
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11
Q

Islam

A
  1. Began on Arabian peninsula (Mecca)
  2. Dominates middle east and north Africa
  3. Qur’an- Islamic holy book
  4. Mosques- houses of public worship
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12
Q

5 pillars of Islam

A
  1. Pilgrimage to Mecca
  2. Prayer- 5 times a day facing Mecca
  3. Faith- must testify faith
  4. Charity
  5. Fasting- Holy month of Ramadan
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13
Q

Jerusalem’s signifigance

A
  1. Jews- Western Wall (remaining wall of second temple)
  2. Muslim- dome of rock (where Muhummad went to heaven)
  3. Christians- Church of the Holy Sepulchre (Jesus was crucified and buried)
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14
Q

Zionism

A
  • Aimed at creating a Jewish state in Palestine

- Early 20th Century, many European Jews began immigrating to Palestine

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15
Q

Theocracy

A

Country governed by religious law

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16
Q

OPEC

A

Influence oil prices by controlling supply. By reducing or increasing oil production, OPEC can affect the countries of many countries.

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17
Q

Poverty of Dignity

18
Q

Oil Paradox

A
  1. lack of democratic institutions (no oversight to see where $ is going)
  2. Government corrupt
19
Q

What has Dubai done to escape the oil paradox

A

Dubai focused on..

  1. Real estate- Giant building and islands
  2. Retail- 2 biggest shopping centers in the world
  3. Education
  4. Financial building
  5. shipping- large port
20
Q

corruption

A

dishonest or fraudulent conduct by those in power, typically involving bribery.

21
Q

Bashir Al- Assad

A
  1. Secular dictator
  2. Was a minority sect, ruling over majority sect
  3. Fighting a 5 year civil war
  4. Ruler of Syria
22
Q

Saddam Hussein

A
  1. Ruler of Iraq
  2. Secular Dictator
  3. Was member of minority group ruling over majority grou
23
Q

Muammar Gaddafi

A
  1. Leader of Libya

2. Secular dictator

24
Q

Hezbollah

A
  1. Targets the state of Isreal
  2. Shia musslim terrorist group
  3. controls the southern part of Lebanon
25
Q

Al- Qaeda

A
  • Responsible for 9-11 attacks

- Started by Osama Bin Laden

26
Q

Isis

A
  • Sunni Arab terrorist group
  • Goal is to create a caliphate (Islamic state ruled by successor of Muhummad)
  • wants to impose a strict islamic law over the people they control
27
Q

Hamas

A
  • Sunni Arab terrorist group
  • Targets the state of Israel
  • Won elections in 2006 in Gaza strip for local control
28
Q

Taliban

A
  • Controls large parts of Afghanistan
  • Protected by Osama Bin Laden and Al-Qaeda after 9-11 attacks
  • wants to impose strict Islamic law on the people they control
29
Q

Israeli- Palestinian Conflict

A

2 groups fighting over the same land

30
Q

West bank, Gaza strip

A

Where the Palestinians live

31
Q

Settlers

A

Jewish people who have been aprroved by the gov to go live in the West Bank

32
Q

West bank wall/ barrier

A

Shield against suicide bombers from palestinians, making P’s lives harder bc it is harder for them to get to work and other places

33
Q

Two state solution

A

create Israel and Palestine

34
Q

One state solution

A

equal citizenship

- Make Israel choose between Jewish of democracy

35
Q

9/11 rivers of rage

A
  1. anger at the US for supporting Israel and dictators
  2. anger that the arab muslim world has fallen behind
  3. anger at their own gov (want democracy)
36
Q

How do these rivers relate to the Arab Spring and ISIS

A

People standing up for what they want, no matter the circumstances

37
Q

Arab Spring

A

A series of anti-gov uprisings effecting Arab countries by North Africa and the middle east.

38
Q

Different outcomes of Arab Springs

A
  1. Egypt had first round of free election

2. Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, and Yemen

39
Q

Why dif outcomes between tribes with flags and real countries

A

Real countries

  • value their country over religion
  • they are more modern
  • have controlled democracies
40
Q

5 years later: struggle between whom

A

Democracy v. Theocracy

Religious vs. Sectorilism

Geography (11 decks)

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