Memory Vocab Flashcards
activation, often unconsciously of particular association in memory–If someone was talking about a killer rat and you see a shadow of your cat you may be lead to believe it is a killer rat
priming
memory that holds a few items briefly such as the 7 digits of a phone number while dialing–before the info is stored or forgotten
short-term memory
basic defensive mechanism that pushes anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories away
repression
attributing to the wrong source of an event we have experienced, heard about, read about, or imagined. the heart of many false memories
source amnesia
neural center located in the limbic system; helps process explicit memories for storage
hippocampus
organizing items into more manageable units such as a phone number or lock combo
chunking
measure of memory in which the person only needs to identify items previously learned like a multiple choice test
recognition
incorporating misleading info into one’s memory of an event
misinformation effect
tendency to recall information that was first and last on a list
serial position effect
memory aid–techniques that use vivid imagery and organizational devices
mnemonics
the tendency for distributed study to get better long-term retention of info
spacing effect
brief recording of sensory info into the memory system
sensory memory
tendency to recall experiences that are consistent with ones prior good or bad mood
mood-congruent memory
processing information into the memory system
encoding
loss of memory
amnesia
retention independent of conscious recollection
implicit memory
processes of pulling encoded information out of storage
retrieval
a clear memory of an emotionally significant event
flashbulb memory
disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information (like trying to learn a new way of something or trying to fix a bad habit)
proactive interference
mental pictures
imagery
encoding that requires attention and conscious effort
effortful processing
disruptive effect of new learning on recall of old info
retroactive
newer understanding of short term memory that focuses on conscious, active processing
working memory
encoding of meanings, including the meanings of words
semantic encoding
encoding of sound
acoustic encoding
measure of memory in which the person must retrieve info learned earlier as on a fill-in-the blank test
recall
eerie sense as you have experienced a situation before
deja vu
unconscious encoding of info such as time or well learned meanings of words
automatic processing
encoding of pictures or images
visual encoding
Persistence of learning over time through encoding, storage, and retrieval of information n
memory
relatively permanent and limitless storehouse of the memory system. includes things like knowledge, skills, and experiences
long-term memory
conscious repetition of info either to maintain or encode for storage
rehearsal
momentary sensory memory of auditory stimuli can be recalled for 3-4 seconds
echoic memory
the retention of encoded info
storage
increase in a synapse firing potential after brief, rapid stimulation. believed to be a neural basis for learning and memory
long-term potentiation
momentary sensory memory of visual imagery lasting no more than a few tenths of a second
iconic memory
memory of facts and experiences that one can consciously know and declare
explicit memory
measure of memory that assesses the amount of time saved when learning material for a second time
relearning
