Memory & Retrieval (Test 2)

Question 1

What is Sensory Memory?

Answer 1

Information that comes in through our senses

Short-lived, 1/4 seconds - 2 seconds

If not processed, we lose it

Question 2

What is Echoic Memory?

Answer 2

Audio memory (The shit you hear)

Question 3

What is Iconic Memory?

Answer 3

Iconic memory (The shit you see)

Question 4

What is Short-Term Memory?

Answer 4

Portion of memory where incoming information is encoded & interpreted

Limited capacity that increases with higher involvement

Short-lived duration

Question 5

What is Imagery Processing?

Answer 5

The processing of information in sensory form

Question 6

What is Discursive Processing?

Answer 6

The processing of information as words

Question 7

What is Long-Term Memory?

Answer 7

Permanently stored knowledge

Very large storage capacity

Question 8

What is Retrieval Failure?

Answer 8

When you can’t recall something information isn’t lost, it just sometimes can’t be found

Question 9

What is Autobiographical memory?

Answer 9

Episodic Memory or memories of things that are tied to a time/place/action

(Example: Last time you saw something)

Question 10

What is Semantic memory?

Answer 10

More knowledge of something

Example: Describing something

Question 11

What is Rehearsal? (Ways to improve memory)

Answer 11

Actively reviewing info to remember it

Question 12

What is Recirculation? (Ways to improve memory)

Answer 12

Remembering something because you encounter it a lot

Question 13

What is Elaboration? (Ways to improve memory)

Answer 13

Relating info to what you already know/think about

Processing more deeply = More likely to remember it

Question 14

What is “Chunking”? (Ways to improve memory)

Answer 14

Grouping multiple info items as a single unit

Question 15

How are memories organized?

Answer 15

The Associative Network

Associative links created through knowledge & experience

Thicker the line = the better the link to the node

Question 16

What is spreading activation?

Answer 16

When one node is activated, the surrounding nodes are activated

The reason behind random thoughts

Question 17

What is the Sleeper Effect?

Answer 17

Source decays faster than messages

When you hear something but you don’t know where it’s from

Question 18

What is Implicit Memory?

Answer 18

Memory for things without conscious awareness

Memories you have that don’t take effort to remember

Question 19

What is Explicit Memory?

Answer 19

Memories that are achieved by active attempts to remember something

Memories you make an effort to remember

Question 20

What is Decay? (Retrieval Failures)

Answer 20

The weakening of nodes or links over time

Question 21

What is Interference? (Retrieval Failures)

Answer 21

Not remembering which features go with what due to semantic networks being too closely aligned

Question 22

What is Salience?

Answer 22

Something that stands out from the larger context in which it is placed

Question 23

What is Prototypicality?

Answer 23

Something that is easier to recognize

Question 24

What are Retrieval Cues?

Answer 24

Stimulus that facilitates a node’s activation of memory

Example: Brand name or Symbol