Memory - Multi Store Model Flashcards
Who invented it
1968 - Atkinson + shiffron
Memory
The process of encoding, storing and retrieving info
Encoding/ coding
Taking info from the environment, converting the info so that it can be stored
Storage
Retaining the encoded info, either in the stm or LTM
Retrieval
Accessing info that has been previously stored
Flashbulb memories
An accurate + exceptionally vivid long-lasting memory. These memories are effected by our emotional state
The 5 fundamental characteristics that affect flashbulb mems
- the informant
- own affect
-aftermath - other effect
- ongoing activity
- place
Invidual differences affecting flashbulb mems
Age + culture
How does age affect FM
Younger adults in general are more likely to form flashbulb memories + they will often recall them for different reasons.
The reminiscence bump
FM
- older adults can retain fm from their adolescence wand early adulthood from the recent past
Culture fm
Proximity and personal involvement to an event.
Explanatory power
A STRENGTH - gives us a good understanding of the structure and processes of the STM- allowing researchers to expand on this model.
- provides a basis for future models to be developed as psychologists improve on the msm. Provides a clear direction for future research.
Supporting research
STRENGTH- HM CASE STUDY- provides objective data, so not open to bias.
- can be tested + high reliability.
- many studies provide evidence to support the distinction between STM and LTM, and can coconut for primary-recency effects.
Lab based research
LIMITATION - high control, low ecological validity
The model is oversimplified (types of stm and LTM )
Hm case study !
Whilst HM supports this model, he also highlights why it is incorrect.
- suggests that there are multiple stores within the LTM, as he was able to recall mems from over 10 yrs ago, suggesting they were stored separately / differently.
