Memory and Language-Lecture 6

Question 1

7 sins of memory

Answer 1

1. Bias (distortion)
2. misattribution (distortion)
3. Suggestibility (distortion)
4. Blocking (forgetting)
5. Absent-mindedness (forgetting)
6. Transience (forgetting)
7. Persistence (intrusive recollection)

Question 2

Transience

Answer 2

Memory for facts and events typically became less accessible over time, facding of memory
There is gradual and rapid transience
Memory fades from specific to the general, the gist
Have/had memory, Can’t access it
Value: Able to keep info most likely to be needed

Question 3

Abset-mindedness

Answer 3

Forgetting beceause of inattention during encoding or retrieval
divided attention when encoding
Have memory, Can’t access it
Value: able to only register important details elaborately

Question 4

Blocking

Answer 4

Info temporarily inaccessible
Consciously aware, subjective conviction item is available
Tip of the Tongue state
Have memory, can’t access it
Value: if everything was associated with a retrieval cue, their would be mass confusion (one cue would lead to another and another etc)

Question 5

Misattribution

Answer 5

Memory is present, but attributed to wrong source or false recall of something that never happened
Types:
1. Wrong source + subjective experience of remembering
2. Wrong Source + no experience of remembering
3. False recall or recognition of something that never happened
Value: Source is not important in many cases, just the information

Question 6

Suggestibility

Answer 6

Accept false suggestion made by others and assign as our own memory
Value: the Gist is more important than details

Question 7

Bias

Answer 7

Encoding and retrieval highly dependent on pre-existing knowledge and beliefs
Value: Gist and storage

Question 8

Persistence

Answer 8

(constantly) remembering an event you want to forget (PTSD)

Value: Perhaps its to remeber life-threatening events to stay alive