memory and dementia Flashcards
episodic memory is stored where
medial temporal lobe
semantic memory is stored where
inferior lateral temporal lobes
procedural memory is stored where
basal ganglia, cerebellum, supplementary motor
working memory- phonologic is stored where
prefrontal cortex, Broca and wernicke area
working memory- spatial is stored where
prefrontal cortex and visual association
adrenalin role in memory
increase in noradrenergic activity during life-threatening event contributed to strengthening of the memory for trauma
ptsd treatment- acute
propranolol- reactivate memory and then administer propranolol to decrease adrenalin
dementia memory loss diagnosis
loss in 2 domains: memory, language, calculations, orientations and judgement
dementia labs
CMP
CBC
thyroid function
vitamin B12
inflammatory and infectious investigations
MMSE max score
30 points
MMSE 20-24 points
mild dementia
MMSE 13-20 points
moderate dementia
MMSE <12 points
severe dementia
pathophysiology of Alzheimers
loss of cholinergic projections
- decrease ACh
- senile plaques
- Neurofibrillary tangles
- Beta amyloid plaques
what is affected in AD
cerebral cortex and hippocampus
Tau protein
component of microtubule assembly and stability
hyperphosphorylated tau detaches and self-aggregates, destabilizing microtubules
MRI findings in AD
atrophy of hippocampus
multi-infarct dementia
stepwise and patchy deterioration, focal neurologic signs and evidence of vascular disease
Lewy body dementia
dementia
psychosis
parkinsonism
fronto-temporal dementia
dementia
personality change
language problems
pick bodies
preserved memory
AMYVID purpose
to view amyloid plaques
positive scan does not indicate any diagnosis
potential drug targets for alzhiemers
secretase inhibitor
aggregation inhibitor
clearance of plaques
