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Neuro/psych exam 2 > general anesthetics > Flashcards

general anesthetics Flashcards

1
Q

which stages of anesthesia do you want to avoid

A

stage 2: delirium with increased BP, muscle tone and respiration
stage 3 plane 4: close to death

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2
Q

induction of general anesthesia

A

start of administration until desired stage is reached

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3
Q

maintenance of general anesthesia

A

process of staying in desired range

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4
Q

recovery stage of general anesthetics

A

reversal of induction

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5
Q

2 types of drugs

A

volatile inhalants for maintenance
IV for induction and short procedures

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6
Q

non-halogenated gas

A

NO

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7
Q

halogenated hydrocarbon

A

halothane

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8
Q

induction and recovery time depend on what

A

rate of change which depends on blood solubility

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9
Q

less soluble means it will be

A

fast induction/recovery

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10
Q

more soluble means it will be

A

slow induction/recovery

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11
Q

less soluble is what kind of blood:gas coefficient

A

low

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12
Q

more soluble is what kind of blood:gas coefficient

A

high

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13
Q

halothane has what type of solubility

A

high

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14
Q

NO has what type of solubility

A

low

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15
Q

measure of potency

A

minimum alveolar anesthetic concentration
(MAC)

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16
Q

what is the Oil:Gas partition coefficient

A

measure of lipid solubility

17
Q

high lipid solubility means what for potency

A

more potent

18
Q

NO time of onset and potency

A

rapid onset, low potency

19
Q

halothane time of onset and potency

A

slow onset, high potency

20
Q

unconsciousness is caused by action where

A

RAS, thalamocortical circuits

21
Q

amnesia is caused by action where

A

the limbic system

22
Q

analgesia is caused by action where

A

nociceptive pathways

23
Q

group 1 anesthetics

A

etomidate
propofol
thiopental

24
Q

group 2 anesthetics

A

ketamine
nitrous oxide

25
Q

group 3 anesthetics

A

desflurane
isoflurane
sevoflurane

26
Q

how do group 1 anesthetics work

A

hypnosis and amnesia via enhancing inhibitory NT

27
Q

how do group 2 anesthetics work

A

analgesia by inhibiting excitatory NT

28
Q

how do group 3 anesthetics work

A

hypnosis, amnesia, and immobility by enhancing inhibitory NT and inhibiting excitatory

29
Q

NO issues

A

it diffuses into closed air spaces in the body - especially the bowel

30
Q

NO is abused because

A

It reduces methionine

31
Q

risks with halothane

A

malignant hyperthermia
hepatotoxicity
decreases cardiac output and blood pressure

32
Q

treatment for malignant hyperthermia

A

dentrolene

33
Q

neuroleptanalgesia/anesthesia

A

combination of fentanyl/droperidol
drowsiness but can respond to commands

Neuro/psych exam 2 (11 decks)

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