Memory Flashcards
Multi-Store Explication Of Memory
The idea that information passes through a series of memory stores.
Long Term Store
Holds a vast amount of information for a very long period of time. Up to a lifetime.
Encoding
Changing Information so it can be stored
Storage
Holding information in the memory system
Retrieval
Recovering information from storage.
Sensory Store
Holds information received from the senses for a very short period of time.
Sensory Store Duration
Less than a second.
Sensory Store Capacity
Very limited
Short Term Store
Holds approximately seven chunks of information for a limited amount of time.
Short Term Store Duration
Less than a minute.
Short Term Capacity
Approximately seven chunks of information.
Long Term Duration
Up to a lifetime
Long Term Capacity
Unlimited
Recency Effect
Information received later is recalled better than earlier information because of STM.
Primacy Effect
The first information is received is recalled better than the subsequent information because of LTM.
Structural Processing
Thinking about the physical appearance of words to be learnt.
Phonetic processing
Thinking about the sound of words to be learnt.
Semantic processing
Thinking about the meaning of words to be learnt.
Levels of Processing
The depth at which information is thought about when trying to learn it.
Interference
Things we have learnt that make it difficult to recall other information that we have learnt.
Retroactive interference
When information we have recently learnt hinders our ability to recall information we have learnt previously. When it’s harder to recall older information we have learnt.
Proactive interference
When information we have already learnt hinders our ability to recall new information. When it’s harder to remember information we have recently learnt due to old information.
Context
The general setting or environment in which activities happen.
Anterograde amnesia
Being unable to learn new information after suffering brain damage.
Anterograde amnesia
Being unable to learn new information after suffering brain damage.
Retrograde amnesia
Loss of memory for events that happened before our brain damage occurred.
Hippocampus
A brain structure that is crucial for memory.
Reliability
In the context of eyewitness testimony, the extent to which it can be regarded as accurate.
Leading Question
A question that hints that a particular type of answer is required.
Reconstructive Memory
Altering our recollection of things so that they make sense to us
