Memory Flashcards
4 contributors to Memory Development
- Strategies
- Knowledge (expertise)
- Metamemory
- Capacity
Types of Long-Term Memory
Explicit
Implicit
Explicit memory is ______. It has two parts, ______ and _______
Conscious, Episodic, Semantic
Implicit memory is _________. There are three parts, _______, ________ _______, and ________.
Unconscious, priming, procedural memory and conditioning
The constructive process involving the coding, storage, and retrieval of information
Memory
The three types of memory are _____, ______-______, and ______-_______
Sensory, short-term, long-term
Information decays very quickly
Capacity is larger than STM but smaller than LTM
Sensory Memory
Duration and capacity unknown
Long Term Memory
Duration is 15-20 seconds
Similar capacity to sensory memory
Includes working memory
Short Duration Memory
Causes of strategy production deficiency
- May not be aware of need for strategy
- May feel strategy is too effortful
- May not have learned it is beneficial
- May not be sufficiently developed (production inefficiency)
Effective strategies not proficient enough for productive use
Utilization Deficiency
Organizational Strategies
Chunking or clustering
Semantic categories
Associations
External organizational structures and tools
Elaboration
Meaningful connections
Imagery
Context
Memory = what actually happens + person’s ________, _______, and _______
knowledge, experience, expectations
Age matters a lot in previous examples, but not always
Organization of knowledge is important (quantity and quality of knowledge matters)
Expertise
Make inferences and interpretations
Transition from verbatim (poor) recall to “gist”
Influence of scripts and schemas
Constructive Memory
Knowledge about what memory is, how it works, and what influences it’s functioning
Metamemory
Memory span used as an indicator of processing capacity
Speed of processing is key
Experience (domain-specific)
Memory Capacity
Current Issues:
Variability Domain Specificity Sociocultural Influences Multiple Causes Cognitive Neuroscience
