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psychology > memory > Flashcards

memory Flashcards

1
Q

how is the sensory register, STM and LTM coded?

A

SR: modality specific
STM: acoustically
LTM: semantically

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2
Q

what are the SR, STM and LTM’s capacities?

A

SR: unlimited
STM: 5-9 items
LTM: unlimited

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3
Q

what are the durations of the SR, STM and LTM?

A

SR: less than 0.5 seconds
STM: 18-30 seconds
LTM: potentially a lifetime

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4
Q

what did baddeley investigate?

A

coding of STM and LTM

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5
Q

what did miller investigate?

A

capacity of STM

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6
Q

what did peterson and peterson investigate?

A

duration of STM

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7
Q

what did bahrick investigate?

A

duration of LTM

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8
Q

briefly outline baddley’s procedure

A

showed ppts 4 categories of words
and immediately after/20 mins after asked them to recall all words correctly

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9
Q

what were the 4 categories of words that baddeley showed his ppts?

A

semantically similar and dissimilar
acoustically similar and dissimilar

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10
Q

what did baddeley find and conclude?

A

STM: immediately after more mistakes were made on the acoustically similar so STM is coded acoustically
LTM: 20 min after more mistakes were made on the semantically similar so LTM is coded semantically

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11
Q

what was millers procedure?

A

digit span technique: ppts shown unrelated digits that increased 1 each time and asked to recall until they couldnt

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12
Q

what did miller find and conclude?

A

ppts could recall 5-9 items and recall was better when they could “chunk”

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13
Q

what was bahricks procedure?

A

392 american high school graduates (17-74) asked to recall classmates from a yearbook/no yearbook

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14
Q

what did bahrick find and conclude?

A

condition with yearbook: 70% correctly recalled
condition without yearbook: 30%
duration of LTM can potentially be a lifetime with correct clues

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15
Q

what was peterson and petersons procedure?

A

124 undergrad students presented with a constant trigram
3 digit number given and asked to count backwards in intervals to prevent rehearsal

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16
Q

what did peterson and peterson find?

A

after 3 seconds: 80% correct recall
after 18 seconds: under 10%
18-30 seconds unless rehearsed

17
Q

what are 3 AO3 points for research to support coding capacity and duration?

A

lacks mundane realism
control over extraneous variables
high reliability

18
Q

what are 2 AO3 points for bahricks research?

A

high mundane realism
low control over extraneous variables

19
Q

give key words to describe the multi store model

A

structural
separate unitary stores
info flows in a linear way

20
Q

who created the multi store model?

A

atkinson and shiffrin

21
Q

label the multi store model from left to right

A

environmental stimuli
sensory register
attention
STM
response
prolonged rehearsal
maintenance rehearsal
LTM
retrieval

22
Q

what are 2 different stores in sensory register?

A

iconic echoic

23
Q

give 3 AO3 points for the multi store model

A

different unitary stores (baddeley)
RTS clive
RTS KF

24
Q

what are the 3 types of long term memory that Tulving proposed?

A

procedural
semantic
episodic

25
Q

describe procedural LTM

A
  1. responsible for knowing how to do things. eg. motor skills/riding a bike
  2. non declarative and do not need conscious thought
  3. area of brain responsibe: motor cortex and cerebellum
26
Q

describe semantic LTM

A
  1. responsible for storing knowledge. eg. meaning of words and facts
  2. declarative and do not need conscious thought and are not time stamped
  3. area of brain responsible: temporal lobe
27
Q

describe episodic LTM

A
  1. responsible for storing info about events eg. first day of school
  2. declarative, involve conscious thought and time stamped
  3. area of brain responsible: hippocampus
28
Q

which types of LTM are declarative and non declarative?

A

procedural: ND
semantic: D
episodic: D

29
Q

what are the brain regions for all types of LTM?

A

procedural: cerebellum and motor cortex
semantic: temporal lobe
episodic: hippocampus

30
Q

which type of LTM is time stamped?

A

episodic

31
Q

what are 3 AO3 points for the types of LTM?

A
  1. neuroimaging evidence to support
  2. scientific methods
  3. RTS- Clive Wearing

psychology (14 decks)

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