memory Flashcards
what are they three ways of encoding information to be used by our memory system?
acoustic encoding, visual encoding, semantic encoding
acoustic encoding
holding sound information
visual encoding
holding images
semantic encoding
holding the meaning of information
retrieval
the recall of stored memories
output (memory)
for memory, this refers to the memory we recall
encoding
turning sensory information into a form that can be used and stored by the brain
storage
keeping memory in our memory system
processing
the operations we perform on sensory information in the brain
processing
the operations we perform on sensory information in the brain
short term memory
our initial memory store that is temporary and limited
long-term memory
a memory store that holds potentially limitless amounts of information for up to a lifetime
duration
the length of time information can be stored in short-term and long-term memory
capacity
the amount of information that can be stored in short-term and long-term memory
rehearse
when we repeat information over and over again to make it stick
displacement
when the short term memory becomes ‘full’ and new information pushes out older information
interference
when new information overwrites older information, for example when a new phone number takes place of an old phone number in your memory
amnesia
memory loss, often through an accident, disease or injury
anterograde amnesia
a memory condition that means new long-term memories cannot be made; this is typically caused by injury to the brain
retrograde amnesia
a memory condition that affects recall of memories prior to an injury to the brain
active reconstruction
memory is not an exact copy of what we experienced, but an interpretation or reconstruction of events that are influences by our schema when we remember them again
schema (memory)
a packet of knowledge about an event, person or place that influences how we perceive and remember
omission
when we leave out unfamiliar, irrelevant or unpleasant details when remembering something