Memory Flashcards
Variety of Research methods that Researchers used:
- Laboratory or other controlled experiments
- psychobiological research
- self-reports
- case studies
- naturalistic observation
- computer simulations and artificial intelligence
It include data gathering, data analysis, theory development, hypothesis formulation, hypothesis testing, and perhaps even application to settings outside the research environment.
A. Research goals
B. Researchers
C. Data gathering and statistical analysis
A. Research goals
They seek to gather as much information as possible about a particular phenomenon
A. Research goals
B. Researchers
C. Data gathering and statistical analysis
B. Researchers
D_ _ a g _ t _ e _ _ _ g and S _ a _ _ _ t _ _ _ l a _ _ l y _ i _ aid the researchers in describing cognitive phenomena.
Data gathering and Statistical analysis
One of the variables that are aspects of an investigation that are individually manipulated, or carefully regulated, by the experimenter, while other aspects of the investigation are held constant.
A. Independent variables
B. Dependent variables
A. Independent variables
One of the variables that are outcome responses, the values of which depend on how one or more independent variables influence or affect the participants in the experiment.
A. Independent variables
B. Dependent variables
B. Dependent variables
It is a description of a relationship.
A. Correlation
B. Correlation coefficient
C. Independent
D. Dependent
A. Correlation
It describes the strength of the relationship
A. Correlation
B. Correlation coefficient
C. Independent
D. Dependent
B. Correlation coefficient
The closer the coefficient is to 1 (either positive or negative), the stronger the relationship between the variables is.
True or False?
True
are often the method of choice when researchers do not want to deceive their subjects by using manipulations in an experiment or when they are interested in factors that cannot be manipulated ethically; Findings of statistical relationships are highly informative.
A. Experiment studies
B. Descriptive studies
C. Correlational studies
D. Psychobiological research
C. Correlational studies
Study of the relationship between cognitive performance and cerebral events and structures.
A. Experiment studies
B. Descriptive studies
C. Correlational studies
D. Psychobiological research
D. Psychobiological research
Techniques for studying an individual’s brain p___ (after the death of an individual), relating the individual’s cognitive function prior to death to observable features of the brain
Postmortem
an individual’s own account of cognitive processes
A. Self-reports
B. Case studies
C. Naturalistic observation
A. Self-reports
in-depth studies of individuals
A. Self-reports
B. Case studies
C. Naturalistic observation
B. Case studies
detailed studies of cognitive performance in everyday situations and nonlaboratory contexts
A. Self-reports
B. Case studies
C. Naturalistic observation
C. Naturalistic observation
researchers program computers to imitate a given human function or process.
A. Computer simulations
B. Artificial intelligence
A. Computer simulations
is the means by which we retain and draw on our past experiences to use that information in the present.
A. Memory
B. Consciousness
C. Storage
A. Memory
One of the three common operations of memory that transforms sensory data into a form of mental representation.
A. Encoding
B. Storage
C. Retrieval
A. Encoding
One of the three common operations of memory that keeps encoded information in memory.
A. Encoding
B. Storage
C. Retrieval
B. Storage
One of the three common operations of memory that pull out or use information stored in memory.
A. Encoding
B. Storage
C. Retrieval
C. Retrieval
a person produces a fact, a word, or other item from memory.
A. Recall
B. Recognition
A. Recall
you select or otherwise identify an item as being one that you have been exposed to previously.
A. Recall
B. Recognition
B. Recognition
a person recall items in the exact order in which they were presented.
A. Serial recall
B. Free recall
C. Cued recall
A. Serial recall
a person recall items in any order you choose
A. Serial recall
B. Free recall
C. Cued recall
B. Free recall
(paired-associates recall), a person is first shown items in pairs, but during recall you are cued with only one member of each pair and are asked to recall each mate.
A. Serial recall
B. Free recall
C. Cued recall
C. Cued recall
participants engage in conscious recollection.
A. Explicit memory
B. Implicit memory
A. Explicit memory
We use information from memory but are not consciously aware that we are doing so.
A. Explicit memory
B. Implicit memory
B. Implicit memory
holds Temporary information currently in use
A. Primary memory
B. Secondary memory
C. Tertiary memory
A. Primary memory
It measure skills and knowledge that relate to the cultural experiences of the test-takers.
A. Culture-relevant tests
B. Social-relevant tests
C. History-relevant tests
A. Culture-relevant tests
A memory store that is capable of storing relatively limited amounts of information for very brief periods
A. Sensory store
B. Short-term store
C. Long-term store
A. Sensory store
A memory store that is capable of storing information for somewhat longer periods but of relatively limited capacity as well
A. Sensory store
B. Short-term store
C. Long-term store
B. Short-term store
A memory store that is capable of storing information for very long periods, perhaps even indefinitely.
A. Sensory store
B. Short-term store
C. Long-term store
C. Long-term store
it postulates that memory does not comprise three or even any specific number of separate stores, but rather varies along a continuous dimension in terms of depth of encoding.
A. Perceptual processing
B. Phonemic processing
C. Levels-of-Processing Model
C. Levels-of-Processing Model
holds only the most recently activated, or conscious, portion of long-term memory, and it moves these activated elements into and out of brief, temporary memory storage
A. Active memory
B. Working memory
B. Working memory
A kind of explicit memory that stores general world knowledge.
A. Semantic memory
B. Episodic memory
A. Semantic memory
A kind of explicit memory that stores personally experienced events or episodes.
A. Semantic memory
B. Episodic memory
B. Episodic memory
It is the experience of sensations in a sensory modality different from the sense that has been physically stimulated.
A. Synesthesia
B. Anaesthesia
C. Synthesisia
A. Synesthesia
A severe loss of explicit memory
A. Amnesia
B. Synesthesia
C. Anaesthesia
A. Amnesia
individuals lose their purposeful memory for events prior to whatever trauma induces memory loss
A. Amnesia
B. Retrograde amnesia
C. Anterograde amnesia
B. Retrograde amnesia
the inability to remember events that occur after a traumatic event.
A. Amnesia
B. Retrograde amnesia
C. Anterograde amnesia
C. Anterograde amnesia
a disease of older adults that causes dementia as well as progressive memory loss.
A. Dementia
B. Amnesia
C. Alzheimer’s disease
C. Alzheimer’s disease
A special kind of Alzheimer’s disease that has been linked to a genetic mutation
A. Late-onset Alzheimer’s disease
B. Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease
B. Early-onset Alzheimer’s disease
The earliest signs of Alzheimer’s disease typically include impairment of episodic memory. As the disease progresses, semantic memory also begins to go.
True or False?
True
which holds information permanently.
A. Primary memory
B. Secondary memory
Secondary memory
