Memory

Question 1

trace decay theory

Answer 1

(disuse theory)
“use it or lose it”
forgetting occurs when we do not use info over time

Question 2

consolidation theory

Answer 2

forgetting occurs when we do not consolidate (store, merge, associate) info effectively

Question 3

interference theories

Answer 3

forgetting occurs due to competing information

Question 4

practice interference

Answer 4

old info interferes with new info

Question 5

retroactive interference

Answer 5

new info interference with old info

Question 6

what interferes with inability to remember?

Answer 6

Fatigue
•Altered sleep patterns 
•Emotions
•Pain
•Medications
•Stress
•Motivation

Question 7

what does it look like when a patient is having difficulty remembering?

Answer 7

remembering semantically-related (verbal) information
•Getting the “gist” of verbal information or conversations
•Storing info about whensomething occurred, details of an event, facts about the event
•Recognizing associations among unstructured pieces of information
•Remembering newexperiences without cueing, especially after delay or distraction, due to faulty ENCODING
•Retaining skills without extensive over-learning, due to POOR RETRIEVAL

Question 8

manifestations based on location of injury

Answer 8

memory loss most likely a consequence of a more generalcognitive deficit (memory not selectively impaired)
•Left CVA: difficulty with encoding or retrieval of VERBAL information
•Right CVA: difficulty with encoding or retrieval of VISUAL or SPATIAL information
•Hippocampal lesion: difficulty with declarative memory (facts, names)

Question 9

attention

Answer 9

process that allows one to gain access and use incoming info

Question 10

encoding

Answer 10

process that assigns meaningfulness to info to assist with organization for future recall

Question 11

storage

Answer 11

process that converts memories from temporary active processing to permanent storage

Question 12

Retrieval

Answer 12

searches for and activates existing memory traces

Question 13

shallow processing

Answer 13

physical analysis

rote repetition

Question 14

deep processing

Answer 14

mental imagery
association
elaboriate rehearsal

Question 15

memory terminology

Answer 15

past - Long term mem
present - working mem
future - prospective mem

Question 16

those with TBI have difficulty in predicting how well they will perform on tasks requiring ___

Answer 16

prospective memory

tend to overestimate abilities and failing to incorporate strategies for remembering12

Question 17

poor perception limits sensory memory

Answer 17

impairment absence of any of the 1st sensory systems may impact perception, thus info never entered the LT store

Question 18

poor acquisition limits encoding

Answer 18

info never learned initially

Question 19

inability to generate cues needed for retrieval

Answer 19

lack of or inappropriate use of retrieval

Question 20

impaired meta memory limits

Answer 20

use of strategies

Question 21

evidence based recommendations

Answer 21

Practice Standard:
•Memory strategy training, including the use of internalized strategies (e.g., visual imagery) and external memory compensations (e.g., notebooks).

Practice Guideline:
•Use of external compensations with direct application to functional activities is recommended for people with severe memory deficits after TBI or stroke.

Practice Option:
•Errorless learning techniques may be effective for learning specific skills or knowledge, with limited transfer to novel tasks or reduction in overall functional memory problems.
•Group-based interventions may be considered for remediation of memory after