Membranes and Integument

Question 1

Cutaneous membrane purpose

Answer 1

barrier against pathogens, desiccation, diffusion

Question 2

specialized structures purpose

Answer 2

glands, nerves, hairs, nail

Question 3

purpose of integument system

Answer 3

Senses external environment, protecting body from physical damage/UV light, assisting in regulation of body temperature, protecting body from invasion of pathogens and chemicals, minimizing water loss, forming vitamin D

Question 4

organ level membranes

Answer 4

1. mucous membrane 2. serous membrane 3. cutaneous membrane 4. synovial membrane

Question 5

synovial membrane

Answer 5

lines inside of free and movable joints which secretes lubricating fluid

Question 6

what makes integument an organ?

Answer 6

has all 4 tissue types

Question 7

epidermis is primarily made of

Answer 7

keratinocytes

Question 8

keratin

Answer 8

helps decrease water loss, hardness to reduce physical strech

Question 9

epidermis with high levels of stress will increase the number of

Answer 9

cell layers and keratin content

Question 10

melanocytes

Answer 10

produce and secrete into adjacent cells dark pigment (melanin)

Question 11

melanin

Answer 11

absorb damaging UV light and protects underlying cells

Question 12

merkel cell

Answer 12

specialized sensory cell in areas of skin that don’t have hair so they help perceive pressure/touch and to release chemical messengers to nearby nervous tissues

Question 13

langerhan cell

Answer 13

immune cell; monitor the epidermis looking for exposures to pathogens

Question 14

dermis houses

Answer 14

integuments accessory structures and blood vessels

Question 15

hypodermis

Answer 15

weaves CT fibers of the dermis into CT of underlying tissues and provides firm attachment but still allows for movement

Question 16

layers of epidermis (superficial to deep)

Answer 16

stratum corneum, stratum lucidum (if thick skin), stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale

Question 17

Glabrous skin

Answer 17

areas which do not contain hairs

Question 18

purpose of hair

Answer 18

insulation, protection, early sensation, cushioning

Question 19

stratum basale cells

Answer 19

melanocytes and merkel cells; simple cuboidal stem cells

Question 20

arrector pili muscle

Answer 20

smooth muscle

Question 21

sebaceous gland exocrine gland

Answer 21

holocrine gland

Question 22

apocrine sweat gland

Answer 22

releases stinky sweat; merocrine gland

Question 23

free nerves

Answer 23

hot and cold perception

Question 24

merkel disc

Answer 24

light touch where there are less hairs

Question 25

roffini endings

Answer 25

sense stretch