Membrane transport Flashcards
Homogeneous mixture of 2+ components.
Solution
Dissolving medium.
Solvent
Solution containing nutrients, gases, salts.
Nucleoplasm. Cytosol.
Intracellular Fluid
Hormones, neurotransmitters,
waste products, nutrients, salts.
Exterior of cell.
Extracellular Fluid
Has a selectively permeable barrier.
Plasma Membrane
Substances are transported across the membrane without any input from the cell.
Passive Process
The cell provides the metabolic energy (ATP) to drive this transport process.
Active Process
Molecule movement is from high to low concentration, down a concentration gradient.
Diffusion
Small enough to pass membrane pores, unassisted.
Simple Diffusion
Simple diffusion of water through aquaporins, in concentration gradient.
Osmosis
Same solute and water concentrations as cells.
Cause no visible changes in the cell.
Isotonic Solution
More solutes than the cells.
Cell shrinkage.
Hypertonic Solution
Less solutes than cells.
Plumping.
Hypotonic Solution
Lipid-insoluble (glucose).
Use of protein membrane channels as carriers.
Facilitated Diffusion
High to low pressure.
Needed in proper kidney function.
Filtration
