Membrane Transport Flashcards

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1
Q

Selective Permeability (Lipid Bilayer)

A

Non-Polar: Easily crossed as they are hydrophobic
Polar: Difficultly crossing as they are hydrophilic
Charged: Passing is prevent as they have a sphere of water around it and the tails are hydrophobic
Large: Don’t fit through pores

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2
Q

Selective Permeability (Transport Proteins)

A

Channel: Hydrophilic channel that allows for polar and charged molecules to pass through
Carrier: Holds onto certain molecules and changes shape in a way that shuttles molecules across membrane

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3
Q

Directional Movement

A

Molecules in substance are in constant random motion and disperse from areas of high concentration to low
- Molecules will disperse till they reach a state of equilibrium
- Factors that affect rate of diffusion: concentration gradient, temperature, distance, area of membrane, permeability of membrane

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4
Q

Passive Transport

A

Diffusion of a substance across membrane with no energy investment; no energy investment as substance moves down concentration gradient

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5
Q

Passive Transport (Osmosis)

A

Diffusion of water; Balances concentration gradient of solute by changing the volume of solute

Hypotonic- [Solute]Out<[Solute]In; H2O goes in=Swells

Isotonic- [Solute]Out= [Solute]In

Hypertonic- [Solute]Out> [Solute]In; H2O goes out=Shrivels

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6
Q

Facilitated Diffusion

A

Diffusion with the help of transport proteins
-Provides hydrophilic (polar) passageways that allow small, polar ions and molecules to cross

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7
Q

Active Transport

A

Uses energy to move solutes against concentration gradient
-Uses carrier proteins

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8
Q

Bulk Transport

A

Transport of large molecules
-Molecules must be packaged in vesicles or vacuoles (rearrangement of plasma membrane is required to form vesicles)
-Endocytosis- Cell takes in material by forming vesicles
-Exocytosis- Cell exports material by fusing vesicles with plasma membrane

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