C3- Plants: Structural Hierarchy

Question 1

Photosynthesis

Answer 1

Conversion of light energy from the sun to chemical energy stored in sugar and other organic molecules
-Occurs in Chloroplast

Question 2

Root System

Answer 2

Organ- Roots
Function- Anchors plants to soil, absorbs minerals + water and stored carbohydrates

Question 3

Shoot System

Answer 3

Organs- Stems and Leaves
Function- Absorbs CO2 and light from above the ground
-Stem: Supports leaves and reproductive structures
-Leaves: Photosynthetic organ

Question 4

Tissues

Answer 4

Dermal- Outer protective covering
Vascular- Carriers out long distance transport of materials between root and shoot system
Ground- Storage, photosynthesis and support

Question 5

Cuticle

Answer 5

Tissue Type- Dermal
Function- Waxy substance that costs epidermal cells. Helps prevent water loss

Question 6

Upper Epidermis

Answer 6

Tissue Type- Dermal
Function- A one cell thick, layer of tightly packed transparent cells on upper side of leaf that protects against mechanical damage and pathogens

Question 7

Palisade

Answer 7

Tissue Type- Ground
Function- One or more layers of tightly packed long narrow cells with many chloroplasts. Where most photosynthesis occurs

Question 8

Vascular Bundle

Answer 8

Tissue Type- Vascular
Function- Series of tubes visible as leaf veins. Contain xylem and phloem that transport fluids

Question 9

Xylem

Answer 9

Tissue Type- Vascular
Function- Tubular elongated cells that are dead. Transports water upward from roots to leaves

Question 10

Phloem

Answer 10

Tissue Type- Vascular
Function- Long narrow cells that are alive. Transports sugars produced by the leaves to various parts of the plant where they are needed

Question 11

Lower Epidermis

Answer 11

Tissue Type- Dermal
Function- A one cell thick, layer of tightly packed transparent cells on lower side of leaf that protects against mechanical damage and pathogens

Question 12

Spongy Tissue

Answer 12

Tissue Type- Ground
Function- Layers of round loosely packed cells containing chloroplasts, Located below palisade tissue cells. Carry out photosynthesis. Air space in between all for gas transport

Question 13

Stomata

Answer 13

Tissue Type- Dermal
Function- Small openings in epidermal layer that open and close to allow gas in and out of the leaf. Each stomatal pore is flanked by two guard cells that control diameter of stoma by changing shape