Mem and Lan (2) Flashcards
What are the 3 phases of memory?
Encoding
Storage
Retrieval
What is the Encoding phase of memory?
How new info is place in memory
What is the Storage phase of memory?
Where information is held in memory
What part of the brain is a temporary memory storage?
hippocampus
How does the hippocampus integrate memories?
with a cortical information network
What is the Retrieval phase of memory?
Memory is brought back for active use
According to Atkinson & Shiffrin (1968) what parts are there to the multistore model?
Sensory memory
Short Term memory
Long term memory
What is sensory memory, according tot he multistore model?
Keeps sensory stimuli in mind, fills in the blanks
What are the 5 types of sensory memory?
Haptic (Touch) Echoic (Sound) Gustatory (Taste) Iconic (Vision) Olfactory (Smell)
How much capacity does the sensory memory store have?
very little, info lost in seconds
George Sperling (1960) tested iconic memory by presenting a grid in 2 conditions, one with a tone and one without and found?
Recall for the partial report condition was greater than the whole report condition.
What did Sperling conclude from his grid letter experiment about attention and sensory memory?
if attention is given to sensory memory then it transfers to STM
What is the STM’s function, according to the multistore model?
conscious processing of info
What is the STM’s capacity, according to the multistore model?
7 plus or minus 2
What technique improves STM?
Chunking, group familiar stimuli into a single unit
What is the STM’s duration when no rehearsal is done?
15-20 secs
What happens in the STM when rehearsal is done?
info transfers to the LTM
What is rehearsal?
repetitively verbalizing or thinking about information
What is Ebbinhaus’ law of repetition?
more maintenance rehearsal results in better retention
What is the weakness of maintenance rehearsal?
with increased repetition there is less learning each time
What is LTM according to the multistore model?
Organises and stores information
How much capacity and duration is LTM said to have according tot he multistore model?
unlimited
What is the serial position effect?
stimuli at the start and the end of a list are best remembered
What is the primacy effect?
Memory for the first few items in a list are good as they have transferred to the LTM
What is the recency effect?
Memory is good for the last items as they are still in the STM
What does the serial position effect show?
that STM and LTM are different
