Meiosis

Question 1

Meiosis

Answer 1

The cell division process in which gametes are produced. It occurs in the ovaries and testicles.

Question 2

Gamete

Answer 2

A cell used in sexual reproduction.

Question 3

Meiosis PMAT

Answer 3

In Meiosis, PMAT occurs twice. This is because meiosis is a chromosomal deduction process. This means the after meiosis, 4 different daughter cells are created with half the regular amount of chromosomes. These are called haploid. The first of PMAT is labelled with a 1 so you know it’s the 1st round e.g. Prophase 1. The 2nd PMAT is labelled with a 2 e.g. Prophase 2.

Question 4

Haploid

Answer 4

A sex cell with half the number of chromosomes. They have half the # of chromosomes so when they become a zygote they form a regular cell.

Question 5

Zygote

Answer 5

When 2 gametes (haploids) merge together to create a regular cell (i.e. fertilized egg).

Question 6

Genetic Diversity

Answer 6

There are many methods of genetic diversity in sexual reproduction. Genetic diversity is beneficial so that a species can adapt and evolve more efficiently.

Some Methods include crossing over, independent assortment and random fertilization.

Question 7

Crossing Over

Answer 7

Exchanging of genetic material between not - sister chromatids of a homologous pair. It occurs during Prophase I. Crossing over is a RANDOM event. This means that it happens sometimes but not always. Also, it can occur in many different places along a chromosome. Many different recombinations are possible due to the many genes in a chromosome.

Question 8

Independent Assortment

Answer 8

This is the random assortment of homologous chromosomes. Two equally probable arrangements at Metaphase I give rise to different chromosome combinations. This can happen at Metaphase I or II.

Question 9

Random Fertilization

Answer 9

Since each haploid created in Meiosis isn’t identical (because they have different 23 chromosomes each), this means every gamete is different from the other.