meiosis

Question 1

what are homologous pairs

Answer 1

matching pairs of chromosomes

Question 2

how many homologous pairs do humans have

Answer 2

23

Question 3

define haploid

Answer 3

cell contains one copy of each chromosome

Question 4

define diploid

Answer 4

cell contains two copies of each chromosome

Question 5

what is meiosis

Answer 5

type of cell division

Question 6

where does it take place

Answer 6

in the reproductive organs

Question 7

what are the cells that divide first by meiosis

Answer 7

diploid

Question 8

what are the cells that form from meiosis

Answer 8

haploid

Question 9

step 1)

Answer 9

dna unravels and replicates so there are two copies of each chromosome, called chromotids

Question 10

what are chromotids

Answer 10

one ‘arm’ of a double stranded chromosome

Question 11

step 2)

Answer 11

the dna condenses to form double-armed chromosomes, made from two sister chromatids

Question 12

what are the sister chromatids joined in the middle by

Answer 12

centromere

Question 13

step 3)

Answer 13

recombination occurs where chromosomes pair up and swap sections of dna

Question 14

what is the breaking and swapping called

Answer 14

chiasma

Question 15

step 4)

Answer 15

first division- chromosomes arrange into homologous pairs in the middle of cell

Question 16

step 5)

Answer 16

homologous pairs are separated by spindles.

Question 17

step 6)

Answer 17

independent segregation - completely random which chromosome ends in which cell

Question 18

step 7)

Answer 18

second division- centrometre and sister chromotid splits which forms 4 completely different genetic cells

Question 19

step 8)

Answer 19

4 haploid daughter cells are produced