gas exchange in humans Flashcards
name the 8 parts in the gas exchange
trachea bronchus bronchiole alveoli lungs intercostal muscle diaphragm ribs
what are alveoli
small air sacs
where does the gas exchange occur
in the alveoli
where are intercostal muscles found
between the ribs
what are the two layers of intercostal muscle
internal and external intercostal muscles
what is ventilation controlled by
the movement of the diaphragm, internal and external intercostal muscles and ribcage
what intercostal muscle is involved in inspiration
external
what happens in inspiration
external intercostal muscle and diaphragm contract
what does the contraction cause
the ribcage to move upwards and outwards and the diaphragm to flatten
what happens when the diaphragm flattens
it increases the volume in the lungs
what happens as volume increases in inspiration
the pressure decreases
what type of process is inspiration
active process as it requires energy
what intercostal muscle is involved with expiration
external
what happens during expiration
external intercostal muscles and diaphragm relax
what does the relaxation cause
the ribcage to move downwards and inwards and the diaphragm to become a dome
