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Biology > Meiosis > Flashcards

Meiosis Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

The type of cell that make up the body

A

Somatic

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2
Q

The type of cells used for sexual repoduction

A

Gametes

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3
Q

Heart, liver, skin, muscle, intestine cells are all examples of which kind of cell?

A

Somatic

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4
Q

A cell that contains both members of a chromosome pair

A

Somatic

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5
Q

Egg and sperm are the only two type of these cells

A

Gametes

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6
Q

Chromosomes are made of…

A

DNA

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7
Q

Matching pairs of chromosomes in a somatic cell. One came from mom, the other came from dad

A

Homologous

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8
Q

Genes are found on these structures

A

Chromosomes

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9
Q

The process in which a sperm unites with an egg

A

Fertilization

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10
Q

The cell that you immediately get after a sperm unites with an egg

A

Zygote

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11
Q

The process by which a single cell zygote eventually becomes a baby

A

Mitosis

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12
Q

A cell that contains one member of each chromosome pair

A

Gamete

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13
Q

_____ controls traits by making _____

A

Genes, proteins

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14
Q

Where an organisms DNA is found

A

In every nucleus of every somatic cell

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15
Q

Meiosis is also called reduction division because

A

It reduces the number of chromosomes in a cell by one half

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16
Q

Bullfrogs have 13 chromosomes int heir gametes. How many chromosomes will they have in their somatic cells?

A

26

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17
Q

Great white sharks have 82 chromosomes in their somatic cells. How many chromosomes will they have in their gametes?

A

41

18
Q

Cells that have a half set of chromosomes are called

A
  • Haploid
  • Gametes
  • Egg and sperm
19
Q

Cells that have a full set of chromosomes are called

A
  • Diploid

- Somatic cells

20
Q

Responsible for making gametes

A

-Meiosis

21
Q

Responsible for making somatic cells

A

Mitosis

22
Q

Makes genetically identical cells

A

Mitosis

23
Q

Takes place in one division

A

Mitosis

24
Q

Takes place in two divisions

A

Meiosis

25
Q

Makes four cells

A

Meiosis

26
Q

Makes two cells

A

Mitosis

27
Q

Is involved in growth of organisms and repair of damaged tissues by replacing damaged cells

A

Mitosis

28
Q

Results in no genetic variation in offspring

A

Mitosis

29
Q

Results in genetic variety of offspring

A

Meiosis

30
Q

Genetic variety results because DNA of two different organisms is combined

A

Meiosis

31
Q

No genetic variation results because all offspring are clones of their parent

A

Mitosis

32
Q

______ do meiosis to make _______

A

Somatic cells, gametes

33
Q

Crossing over is best defined as

A

An exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes

34
Q

What best describes nondisjunction of anaphase II

A

Sister chromatids fail to separate

35
Q

Which of the following best describes nondisjunction of anaphase I

A

Homologous chromosomes fail to separate

36
Q

The type of cell that does meiosis in males

A

Spermatocyte

37
Q

The type of cell that does meiosis in females

A

Oocyte

38
Q

What best describes cells with a half set of chromosomes

A

Gamete, n, haploid

39
Q

What best describes cells with a full set of chromosomes

A

Somatic, 2n, diploid

40
Q

Each germ cell produces ___ viable sperm and ___ viable eggs

A

4, 1

41
Q

What is true of polar bodies?

A
  • They are the result of uneven cytoplasm division as an oocyte does meiosis
  • They are broken down by the body
  • They do not have enough cytoplasm and organelles to support a new life
  • They are much smaller than an egg

Biology (10 decks)

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