Meiosis Flashcards
anaphase I
Stage of cell division in which the homologous chromosomes are pulled to opposite ends of the cell.
anaphase II
Stage of cell division in which sister chromatids are pulled to the opposite poles of the cell.
bivalent
Paired homologous chromosomes composed of two pairs of sister chromatids; also called a tetrad.
chiasm
The point of crossover between chromosomes or other biological entities; pl. chiasmata.
cohesin
Protein complex that binds sister chromatids together.
crossing over
Exchange of genetic material between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes in meiosis.
homologous chromosome
In diploid cells, the two copies of each chromosome containing the same genes, although the alleles may differ.
meiosis
Type of cell division resulting in daughter cells with half the number of chromosomes as the parental cell.
meiosis I
Homologous chromosomes separate.
meiosis II
Sister chromatids separate.
metaphase I
Stage of cell division in which the chromosomes align along the equator of the cell. Homologous chromosomes align parallel to each other.
metaphase II
Stage of cell division in which the chromosomes are moved to the equator of the cell.
prophase I
Stage of cell division in which the chromosomes coil and condense.
prophase II
Stage of cell division in which the chromosomes attach to the re-forming spindle apparatus.
sister chromatid
One of a pair of chromatin threads; one side of a chromosome’s X-shape.
