Meiosis

Question 1

What are somatic cells also known as

Answer 1

Body cells

Question 2

How many cells does Meiosis produce?

Answer 2

4

Question 3

How many chromosomes does each gamete have?

Answer 3

23 chromosomes

Question 4

What is Meiosis?

Answer 4

Sexual reproduction

Question 5

Prophase l

Answer 5

Longest and most complex stage of PMAT. Synapsis occurs

Question 6

What is Synapsis?

Answer 6

When homologous chromosomes come together to form a tetrad.

Question 7

What is a Tetrad composed of?

Answer 7

Two chromosomes or four chromatids.

Question 8

Metaphase l

Answer 8

Shortest Phase. Tetrads align on the equator.

Question 9

When does “crossing over” happen?

Answer 9

Prophase l

Question 10

What does “crossing over” cause?

Answer 10

Genetic Variation

Question 11

Anaphase l

Answer 11

The homologous chromosomes separate and move towards the poles. The sister chromatids remain attached at their centromeres

Question 12

Telophase l

Answer 12

Each pole now has a diploid set of chromosomes. Cytokinesis occurs and two diploid daughter cells are produced

Question 13

What does Haploid mean?

Answer 13

The presence of a single set of chromosomes in a organism’s cells

Question 14

What does Diploid mean?

Answer 14

A full set of chromosomes (2 homologous chromosomes)

Question 15

What is similar to Meiosis ll

Answer 15

Mitosis

Question 16

Explain Prophase ll

Answer 16

Same as Prophase in Mitosis

Question 17

Metaphase ll

Answer 17

Same as Metaphase in Mitosis

Question 18

Anaphase ll

Answer 18

Same as Anaphase in Mitosis

Question 19

Telophase ll

Answer 19

Same as Telophase in Mitosis

Question 20

What are the three sources of genetic variation?

Answer 20

-“Crossing over”
-Independent assortment
-Random Fertilization

Question 21

A cell containing 40 chromatids at the beginning of meiosis (after DNA replication) would, at its completion, produce cells containing how many chromosomes?

Answer 21

10 chromosomes

Question 22

What is a alternate name for down-syndrome?

Answer 22

Trisomy 21

Question 23

What causes genetic variation?

Answer 23

Crossing Over, Random Fertilization, & independent assortment

Question 24

What are the cells produced in meiosis called?

Answer 24

Gametes/Sex Cells

Question 25

What is it called when a sperm and egg meet?

Answer 25

Fertilization

Question 26

What are alleles?

Answer 26

Two forms of single genes

Question 27

What is the genetic disorder caused when a child is born with three copies of chromosome 21?

Answer 27

Down Syndrome

Question 28

Each half of a duplicated chromosome is a?

Answer 28

sister chromatid

Question 29

What is it called when chromosomes fail to separate resulting in abnormal numbers of chromosomes?

Answer 29

Nondisjunction

Question 30

When does independent assortment occur?

Answer 30

Metaphase l &/or ll

Question 31

What is independent assortment?

Answer 31

Chromosomes will be lined up in random orders in metaphase l & ll

Question 32

When are homologous chromosomes separated?

Answer 32

Metaphase l

Question 33

When are sister chromatids separated?

Answer 33

Anaphase ll

Question 34

What is another name for Edwards Syndrome?

Answer 34

Trisomy 18

Question 35

What chromosome pair tells you the sex of the organism?

Answer 35

The 23rd chromosome pair

Question 36

What is another form of XY to tell an individual’s sex on a karyotype chart?

Answer 36

Xx

Question 37

What is the equation for fertilization?

Answer 37

n + n = 2n

Question 38

What is a zygote?

Answer 38

The product of a sperm and a egg cell

Question 39

What is the next stage after a zygote?

Answer 39

Embryo

Question 40

What stage does an embryo grow in?

Answer 40

Mitosis

Question 41

Chromosomes that contain the same genes. You get one from each parent

Answer 41

Homologous Chromosomes

Question 42

Which phase/s can nondisjunction occur?

Answer 42

Anaphase l & ll